摘要
以 18年长期肥料定位试验为背景 ,研究了长期施肥条件下小麦的增产效应 .18年单施氮肥平均增产 4 18.1kg·hm-2 ,增产率达 2 8.4 % ,其中干旱年减产率为 13.9% ,常态年、丰水年增产率达 30 .3%、5 8.9% ;单施磷肥平均减产率为 9.3% ,干旱年增产率达 6 .5 % ,常态年、丰水年减产率为 15 .4 %、10 .0 % ;有机肥平均增产率达 82 .8% ;NP、PM、NM、NPM平均增产率分别达 12 7.8%、118.9%、14 4 .4 % ,16 9.3% .不同降水年型施肥对小麦的产量结构影响不同 ,普遍表现为干旱年成穗数、穗粒数、千粒重减少 ,丰水年增加 ,不同降水年型穗粒数、成穗数。
The effect of long-term fertilization on the yield of winter wheat was studied on the basis of 18-year located experiment on the Loess Plateau. The results showed that the winter wheat yield increased 418.1 kg·hm -2 under N fertilization, and the average increasing rate was different with precipitation. In average and rain rich year, the average increasing rate were 30.3% and 58.9%,respectively,but in drought year, the yield decreased,and its average decreasing rate was 13.9%. The winter wheat yield under P fertilizer increased in drought year, and decreased in average and rain rich year. The average increasing rate was 6.5% in drought year ,and the average decreasing rate was 15.4% and 10.0%,respectively. The average increasing rate in M, NP, PM, NM and NPM was 82.8%, 127.8%, 18.9%, 144.4%, and 169.3%, respectively. In addition, precipitation affected the amount of spike, grains per spike ,and weight of thousand-grains.
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
2003年第11期1893-1896,共4页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
中国科学院知识创新方向性项目 (KZCX2 413 )
国家"十五"科技攻关项目 (2 0 0 1BA5 0 8B18)
关键词
旱地小麦
长期施肥
产量效应
Dryland wheat, Long-term fertilization, Yields effect
