摘要
为研究夏玉米干旱胁迫时生理响应机制,寻求适宜干旱胁迫调控指标。通过完全随机试验设计,研究不同生育阶段与干旱胁迫程度对夏玉米叶片光合特性与产量的影响。结果表明随干旱胁迫程度的增加,Pn与产量均呈降低趋势,且Pn与产量呈同步变化。对于光合速率大小的影响主要在干旱胁迫阶段,复水后叶片气体交换基本恢复正常;干旱胁迫时间段随着生育期的推进,作物产量影响较大,与适宜水分相比,产量降低幅度逐渐增大。长期持续受旱复水后其叶片气体交换无法完全恢复至正常水平;生育后期中旱更有利于夏玉米节水保产。全生育期干旱胁迫时,随干旱胁迫程度与时间的增加,夏玉米叶片气体交换能力、产量与耗水量基本均呈下降的趋势;避免全生育期干旱胁迫,最低应高于中旱。在河南豫中地区以节水高产为目的,适宜选择轻旱,各生育阶段缺水时至少保证土壤水分在田持(重量含水率)的50%以上。本研究为该地区夏玉米节水高产提供数据支撑。
In order to study the physiological response mechanism of summer maize under drought stress,the suitable index of drought stress regulation was sought. The effects of different growth stages and drought stress on leaves photosynthetic characteristics and yield of summer maize were studied by a completely random experiment design. The results show that: Pn and yield decrease with the increase of drought stress,Pn and yield change synchronously;the photosynthetic rate are affected at the drought stress stage;after water rewetting,the gas exchange of leaves basically returns to normal;with the process of the growth period,the impact on crop yield becomes greater during the drought stress period;comparing with suitable water content,the yield decreases gradually;the gas exchange of leaves cannot be completely restored to normal level after prolonged drought;in the later stage of growth,middle drought is more beneficial for water-saving and yield of summer maize;during the whole growth period of drought stress,with the increase of drought stress degree and time,the gas exchange capacity of leaves,yield and water consumption of summer maize basically decrease;drought stress in whole growth period should be avoided and the minimum water amount should be higher than middle drought. In order to get the effect of high water-saving and yield,light drought is suitable for selection,and soil moisture(weight moisture content) should be at least 50% of the field holding capacity(weight moisture content) when water shortage occurs in each growth stage,in Yuzhong,Henan province. This study provides data support for water saving and high yield of summer maize in this regions.
作者
路振广
邱新强
张明智
张玉顺
秦海霞
和刚
LU Zhen-guang;QIU Xin-qiang;ZHANG Ming-zhi;ZHANG Yu-shun;QIN Hai-xia;HE Gang(Henan Provincial Water Conservancy Research Institute,Zhengzhou 450000,China;Efficient Irrigation Engineering and Technology Research Center of Henan Province,Zhengzhou 450000,China;Central Irrigation Experimental Station of Henan,Zhengzhou 450000,China;College of Water Resources and Hydropower,State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Hydraulic Engineering in Arid Area,Xi'an University of Technology,Xi'an 710048,China)
出处
《节水灌溉》
北大核心
2019年第2期34-42,共9页
Water Saving Irrigation
基金
河南省水利科技攻关计划项目(GG201602)
关键词
夏玉米
干旱胁迫
光合特性
产量
水分利用效率
summer maize
drought stress
photosynthetic characteristics
yield
water use efficiency
作者简介
路振广(1963-),男,教授级高级工程师,主要从事高效节水技术研究。E-mail:skslzg@hnsl.gov.cn。
