摘要
为了解海刀豆(Canavalia rosea)在滨海沙地中的耐盐能力和生态适应机制,本研究设置盆栽试验研究海刀豆幼苗在盐胁迫下的生长与生理适应性。试验设置不同盐浓度(0、300、600、900、1200 mmol·L^(-1)NaCl溶液)、不同处理时间(7、14、21、28 d)测定并分析海刀豆幼苗生长指标、生理指标、叶绿素含量以及叶绿素荧光参数等的变化情况。结果表明:随着盐浓度的升高,除叶面积外,海刀豆幼苗其他生长指标均显著低于对照(CK),在900—1200 mmol·L^(-1)盐浓度下其生长严重受阻;株高、地径、叶面积、生物量最大降幅分别为60.7%、28.1%、31.1%、65.8%。300—600 mmol·L^(-1)盐浓度处理前14 d海刀豆幼苗过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性以及可溶性糖、脯氨酸含量相对稳定,叶绿素含量呈上升趋势,说明海刀豆幼苗能耐受上述浓度范围内的盐度。盐处理21 d,各浓度处理下的叶绿素含量均显著下降;当盐浓度在900 mmol·L^(-1)以上且处理时间达21 d时,海刀豆幼苗SOD活性急剧下降,植物抗逆性降低,其生长受到明显抑制。综上,海刀豆幼苗在300—600 mmol·L^(-1)盐浓度下,能够通过调节自身生理生化状态在处理14 d内正常生长,而在盐浓度达到900 mmol·L^(-1)且处理时间超过21 d时,海刀豆幼苗会受到不可逆的盐胁迫伤害。因此,在土壤盐浓度低于600 mmol·L^(-1)的一般自然滨海沙地环境下,海刀豆可以作为生态修复植物引种栽培。
To study the salt tolerance and ecological adaptation mechanisms of Canavalia rosea in coastal sand,this paper designed a pot experiment focusing on the growth and physiological adaptability of C.rosea under salt stress.In the experiment,different NaCl concentrations(0,300,600,900,and 1200 mmol·L^(-1))and treatment durations(7,14,21,and 28 d)were set,and the changes in growth indexes,physiological indexes,chlorophyll content,and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of C.rosea seedlings were analyzed.The results showed that with the increase in salt concentration,the growth indexes except leaf area of C.rosea seedlings were significantly lower than those of the control(CK),and the growth was severely inhibited by salt within the concentration range of 900—1200 mmol·L^(-1).The maximum reduction rates of plant height,ground diameter,leaf area,and biomass were 60.7%,28.1%,31.1%,and 65.8%,respectively.The activities of Catalase(CAT),Peroxidase(POD),and Superoxide Dismutase(SOD),as well as the content of soluble sugar and proline,in C.rosea seedlings remained relatively stable and the content of chlorophyll rose during the first 14 d of treatment with 300—600 mmol·L^(-1) NaCl,indicating that C.rosea seedlings could tolerate salinity within the above concentration range.After 21 d of salt treatment,the chlorophyll content in all concentration treatments decreased significantly.When the salt concentration reached more than 900 mmol·L^(-1) and the treatment duration was 21 d,C.rosea seedlings showed sharply decreased SOD activity and weakened stress resistance,with its growth being significantly inhibited.In summary,C.rosea seedlings can maintain normal growth within 14 d of salt stress at 300—600 mmol·L^(-1) by regulating their own physiological and biochemical status.However,when the salt concentration reaches 900 mmol·L^(-1) and the treatment time exceeds 21 d,C.rosea seedlings will suffer irreversible salt stress damage.Therefore,C.rosea can be introduced and cultivated as an ecological restoration plant in the general natural coastal sandy land environment where the soil salt concentration is lower than 600 mmol·L^(-1).
作者
赵元圆
招礼军
石孟春
金贇
蔡娟
ZHAO Yuanyuan;ZHAO Lijun;SHI Mengchun;JIN Yun;CAI Juan(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation,Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Cultivation of Fast Growing Timber in Central South China,School of Forestry,Guangxi University,Nanning,Guangxi,530004,China;Nanning Municipal Government Service Center,Nanning,Guangxi,530000,China)
出处
《广西科学》
北大核心
2026年第1期151-160,共10页
Guangxi Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31260093,31560061)
广西林业科技推广示范项目(桂林科研〔2022〕第1号)
广西国有钦廉林场科研项目(桂林科研[2022ZC]第95号)资助。
关键词
生态修复
滨海沙地植物
海刀豆
生长适应性
生理特性
ecological restoration
coastal sandy land plants
Canavalia rosea
growth adaptability
physiological characteristics
作者简介
第一作者:赵元圆(1999—),女,在读硕士研究生,主要从事园林植物资源应用研究。;通信作者:招礼军(1970—),男,教授,主要从事植物生理生态研究,E-mail:zhlj 70@163.com。
