摘要
为探究国储林建设项目造林技术,进一步提升国家储林建设技术水平,以云南省元谋县元马镇木材基地建设为例,介绍其造林设计。从介绍项目基本情况、立地与造林类型、树种选择、造林主要技术措施、种苗工程设计、亩投资定额、保障措施入手,重点阐述滇中高原干热河谷区的造林技术。设计成果表明:(1)项目区可划分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ共2个立地类型,分别对应河谷阳坡与阴坡中厚层燥红土;(2)项目造林类型分为3种,分别为在宜林地实施147.1hm^(2)印度黄檀、大叶相思行间混交的人工新造林;在桉树过熟林下,32.5hm^(2)印度黄檀、大叶相思行间混交的现有林改培(林冠下种植)和146.8hm^(2)印度黄檀、铁刀木行间混交的现有林改培(采伐更新);(3)提出“1665株/hm^(2)、1.5m×4m品字形配置”为核心的密度控制技术,配套水平沟整地、带状抚育、四年三次追肥、多年补种等多种措施;(4)建立了“制度、资金、技术、安全、质量”五维一体化的保障体系,对项目的落地性提供有效保障。研究成果可为滇中高原干热河谷区储备林建设提供技术范式。
To explore afforestation techniques for National Reserve Forest(NRF)construction projects and further enhance the technical standards,this study examines the afforestation design of the Yuanma Timber Production Base in Yuanmou County,Yunnan Province.The paper introduces the project’s background,site conditions and afforestation types,species selection,key technical measures,seedling engineering design,investment quota per-mu,and safeguard mechanisms,with a focus on afforestation techniques for the arid-hot valley region of the central Yunnan Plateau.The results demonstrate that:(1)The project area can be classified into two site types(Ⅰ and Ⅱ),corresponding to sunny and shady slopes with medium-thick dry lateritic soils in the valley.(2)Three afforestation models were implemented:147.1 hm^(2)of new plantations with Dalbergia sissoo and Acacia auriculiformis in alternate-row mixtures on afforestation-suitable land,32.5 hm^(2)of under-canopy improvement(existing Eucalyptus overmature forest underplanted with Dalbergia sissoo and Acacia auriculiformis),146.8 hm^(2)of regeneration-based improvement(harvest-and-replant with Dalbergia sissoo and Senna siamea).(3)A density control technique was developed,featuring 1,665 stems/hm^(2)in a quincunx pattern(1.5m×4m spacing),supported by contour trench preparation,strip tending,quadrennial triple fertilization,and multi-year gap filling.(4)An integrated five-dimensional safeguard system“institutional,financial,technical,safety,and quality”was established to ensure project implementation.The findings provide a technical paradigm for NRF construction in arid-hot valley regions of the central Yunnan Plateau.
作者
陈征东
Chen Zhengdong(Shenzhen Sensi Environmental Art Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen Guangdong 518024)
出处
《热带林业》
2025年第4期15-19,共5页
Tropical Forestry
关键词
国家储备林
建设技术
干热河谷
集约人工林栽培
现有林改培
National reserve forest
Construction technology
Dry-hot valley
Intensive plantation cultivation
Existing forest improvement
作者简介
陈征东(1978-),林业正高级工程师,主要从事园林、林业专业的设计、施工及养护管理。E-mail:68043192@qq.com。
