摘要
水生态产品价值实现对水生态系统保护与公众水生态福祉增强具有重要意义。湖北省依水而生、因水而兴,近年来,积极探索水生态产品价值实现路径已取得初步进展,仍面临“高禀赋-低转化”困境。构建“水生态资源-水生态资产-水生态资本-水生态产品”的逻辑框架,基于此系统研究了湖北省水生态产品价值实现的实践、问题与对策。湖北省水生态产品价值实现的发展历程大致分为初步探索阶段(2010—2015年)、制度建立阶段(2016—2022年)和全面推进阶段(2023年至今),推动建立健全水生态产品调查监测、价值评价、经营开发、保护补偿、保障、推进等六大机制,形成了产品认证、涉水农产品经营、政府购买、市场溢价、EOD模式、水产业基金、生态补偿等模式和一批典型案例,但存在产权界定不明确、制度体系不健全、推进机制不完善、资源分布与需求端的空间错配等问题,导致水生态产品市场化程度不高、价值转化率低、转化成效不显著。研究借鉴国内省市实践经验,从政策、机制、路径等层面提出以下四方面对策建议:(1)全面摸清家底,构建湖北省水生态产品目录清单,为水生态产品价值转化奠定基础;(2)破解转化难题,打通“水资源-资产-资本-产品”路径;(3)优化水生态产品价值实现空间配置格局,提升水生态产品可持续供给能力;(4)加强机制创新,提升水生态产品价值转化组织保障能力。
The realization of the water ecological product is of great significance for protecting aquatic ecosystems and enhancing public well-being related to aquatic ecosystem.At present,both theoretically and practically,the realization of the water ecological product is still in the initial stage in China,leaving broad space for exploration.There are abundant and diverse water resources in Hubei Province.In recent years,Hubei has made initial progress in actively exploring pathways for value realization of water ecological product.However,it still faces the dilemma of“high endowment-low transformation”.This study constructed the logical framework of“water ecological resources-water ecological assets-water ecological capital-water ecological products”.Based on this,the practice,problem,and countermeasure of value realization of water ecological products in Hubei Province were studied,including the policy evolution,mechanism exploration,realization models and typical cases of the value realization of water ecological products.The development process of value realization of water ecological products in Hubei Province can be divided into three stages:Preliminary Exploration Stage(2010—2015),System Establishment Stage(2016—2022),and Comprehensive Promotion Stage(2023—present).Six key mechanisms,including investigation and monitoring,value assessment,operational development,conservation compensation,safeguards,and promotion,have been established.The major models in Hubei were product certification,water-related agricultural products management,government purchase,market premium,EOD model,aquaculture fund and so on.Based on these models,a number of typical cases of different water ecological products were formed in Hubei Province.However,there were some problems such as unclear definition of property rights,imperfect system,deficient promotion mechanism,and spatial mismatch between resource distribution and demand.Therefore,the water ecological product market inefficiency was not remarkable and the value conversion rate was low in Hubei.Based on the practical experiences in other places in China,this study proposed the following countermeasures:(1)Comprehensive resource inventory:conduct a thorough assessment to establish a“Hubei Provincial Water Ecological Product Catalog”.(2)Addressing conversion bottlenecks:clear the pathway for transforming“Water Resources-Assets-Capital-Products”.(3)Optimizing spatial allocation:enhance the spatial configuration pattern of water ecological product value realization to improve sustainable supply capacity.(4)Strengthening mechanism innovation:boost organizational safeguards for value conversion of water ecological product through improved mechanisms.The study will provide decision-making references for promoting the value transformation of water ecological product at the provincial level,and provide theoretical and practical references for the value realization of water ecological products in China.
作者
朱静
刘险
刘逸竹
王玲玲
付文龙
张旭
罗攀
ZHU Jing;LIU Xian;LIU Yizhu;WANG Lingling;FU Wenlong;ZHANG Xu;LUO Pan(Hubei Provincial Academy of Eco-environment Sciences(Provincial Ecological Environment Engineering Assessment Center),Wuhan 430072,China;School of Public Affairs,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollution Damage Assessment and Environmental Health Risk Prevention and Control,Wuhan 430072,China)
出处
《生态学报》
北大核心
2026年第1期222-234,共13页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
湖北省科学技术厅科技计划项目(2023BAB070)
湖北省环保科研课题(2023ZHB-09)。
关键词
水生态产品
转化困境
价值实现
实现机制
对策建议
water ecological products
dilemma
value realization
core mechanism
countermeasure
作者简介
通讯作者:刘险,E-mail:lx_hbaes@qq.com。
