摘要
以甘蓝型油菜品种青杂15号为试验材料,设置了4个施氮水平(N_(0):0 kg/667 m^(2)、N_(1):5 kg/667 m^(2)、N_(2):10 kg/667 m^(2)、N_(3):15 kg/667 m^(2))和4个灌水量梯度(W_(0):120 m^(2)/667 m^(2)、W_(1):102 m^(2)/667 m^(2)、W_(2):84 m^(2)/667m^(2)、W_(3):66 m^(2)/667 m^(2)),通过比较分析油菜植株的农艺性状、力学特性、生化组分及产量等指标,研究不同施氮量和灌水量对油菜抗倒性能及产量的影响。结果表明,与N_(0)W_(0)相比,中氮中水(N_(2)W_(2))处理施氮量为10 kg/667m^(2)、灌水量为84 m^(2)/667 m^(2)的抗折力、抗压强度、穿刺强度分别提高了113.70%、28.68%、47.10%;株高、茎粗、重心高度分别提高了20.55%、72.21%、12.49%;纤维素、木质素含量分别提高了15.74%、16.28%;产量提升至161.93 kg/667 m^(2),倒伏指数下降了20.00%,抗倒伏性能显著提升。综上,在该试验条件下,中氮中水(施氮量10 kg/667 m^(2)+灌水量84 m^(2)/667 m^(2))处理能够显著提高油菜水肥利用效率,在保证产量的同时提高植株抗倒伏性能,达到节水增产的目标。
The Brassica napus variety Qingza No.15 was used as the test material,and four nitrogen application levels(N_(0):0 kg/667 m^(2),N_(1):5 kg/667 m^(2),N_(2):10 kg/667 m^(2),N_(3):15 kg/667 m^(2))and four irrigation levels(W_(0):120 m^(3)/667 m^(2),W_(1):102 m^(3)/667 m^(2),W_(2):84 m^(3)/667 m^(2),W_(3):66 m^(3)/667 m^(2))were set up.The agronomic traits,mechanical properties,biochemical components and yield of rapeseed plants were compared and analyzed.The effects of different nitrogen application rates and irrigation amounts on lodging resistance and yield of rapeseed were studied.The results showed that the nitrogen application rate was 10 kg/667 m^(2) and the irrigation amount was 84 m^(3)/667 m^(2) in the treatment of medium nitrogen and medium water(N_(2)W_(2)).Compared with N_(0)W_(0),the flexural strength,compressive strength and puncture strength increased by 113.70%,28.68%and 47.10%,respectively.The plant height,stem diameter and gravity center height increased by 20.55%,72.21%and 12.49%,respectively.The content of cellulose and lignin increased by 15.74%and 16.28%,respectively.The yield increased to 161.93 kg/667 m^(2),the lodging index decreased by 20.00%,and the lodging resistance was significantly improved.In summary,under the conditions of this experiment,the treatment mode of medium nitrogen and medium water(nitrogen application rate of 10 kg/667 m^(2)+irrigation amount of 84 m^(3)/667 m^(2))can significantly improve the utilization efficiency of water and fertilizer in rapeseed,improve the lodging resistance of plants while ensuring the yield,and achieve the goal of water saving and yield increasing.
作者
苏含明
刘国宏
付彦博
刘志刚
扁青永
朱锦泉
陈杰
刘亚亚
李海峰
SU Han-ming;LIU Guo-hong;FU Yan-bo;LIU Zhi-gang;BIAN Qing-yong;ZHU Jin-quan;CHEN Jie;LIU Ya-ya;LI Hai-feng(Turpan Experimental Station,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Turpan 838000,China;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830000,China)
出处
《江西农业学报》
2025年第11期22-29,共8页
Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项“新疆高产高油油菜品种绿色高效种植技术研究”(2022A02008-6)
新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项“油料作物抗逆品种筛选及绿色丰产增效技术研发”(2022A02008)
新疆维吾尔自治区油料产业技术体系拜城综合试验站项目。
关键词
油菜
施氮量
灌水量
抗倒性能
产量
Rapeseed(Brassica napus)
Nitrogen application rate
Irrigation amount
Lodging resistance
Yield
作者简介
苏含明(1994-),男,甘肃金昌人,助理研究员,主要从事绿色生产技术研发与应用研究。;通信作者:李海峰。
