摘要
了解松滋河四大家鱼等产漂流性卵鱼类卵苗组成和资源量现状,探讨江湖连通性变化的生态效应,为评估松滋河作为长江—洞庭湖生态通道对洞庭湖早期资源补充量以及保护措施的制定提供基础数据。2023年5—7月和2024年8月在松滋河安乡段使用半圆弶网进行鱼类早期资源调查,并运用相关关系分析方法解析早期资源丰度变化与水文环境因子间的关系。结果表明,2023、2024年松滋河安乡段共采集产漂流性卵鱼类17种,其中5种为江湖洄游性鱼类。2023年通过松滋河安乡段产漂流性卵鱼类鱼卵径流量为3274.60万粒(四大家鱼卵径流量占比为3.5%),鱼苗径流量为1656.16万尾,全部为非产漂流性卵鱼类。2024年产漂流性卵鱼类鱼卵径流量为79.82万粒,鱼苗径流量为122.07万尾,仅赤眼鳟1种。推算松滋河安乡段采集的漂流性鱼卵主要来自采样点上游3.7~48.7km范围。流量对多数物种卵密度的影响程度较大,且呈正相关关系,其余环境因子与卵密度间的相关性较低。与历史数据相比,松滋河产漂流性卵鱼类种类数较少,四大家鱼等江湖洄游性鱼类卵苗径流量有所下降,表明松滋河对洞庭湖鱼类资源的补充贡献呈衰减趋势。建议通过三峡工程生态调度、松滋河水系闸坝调控、产卵场修复以及增殖放流等措施维持松滋河作为鱼类生态通道的生态作用,以保障长江中游-洞庭湖水系渔业资源的可持续性。
Songzi River is an important ecological corridor for the middle Yangtze River and Dongting River basin.In this study,we investigated the status of the early-life-stage fish resources for the four major Chinese carps and other fish species with drifting eggs in the Songzi River and explored the ecological impacts of altered river-lake connectivity on fish resource replenishment in Dongting Lake.We aimed to provide basic data for assessing the role of Songzi River as an ecological channel and formulating conservation strategies to sustain fishery resources in the Yangtze River⁃Dongting Lake ecosystem.From May to July 2023 and in August 2024,surveys of early-life-stage fish resources were conducted in the Anxiang section of Songzi River using semi⁃circular drag nets.Correlation was used to analyze the relationships between changes in the abundance of early-life-stage fish resources and hydrologic factors.A total of 17 fish species producing drifting eggs were collected in the Anxiang section of Songzi River in 2023 and 2024,and 5 were river-lake migratory fish species.During the 2023 sampling period,egg production from fish with drifting eggs reached 32.746 million,with eggs of the four major Chinese carps accounting for 3.5%of the total.Fish fry in the Anxiang section amounted to 16.5616 million,all from fish species that produce non-drifting eggs.In 2024,the egg runoff of fish producing drifting eggs was 0.7982 million,and the runoff of fish fries was 1.2207 million and only one species Squaliobarbus curriculus was collected.We estimated that the drifting fish eggs collected in the Anxiang section primarily originated from the river section 3.7-48.7 km upstream of the sampling sites.Flow rate had a significant impact on the egg density of most species,showing a positive correlation,while the correlations between other environmental factors and egg density were relatively low.Compared with historical data,the number of fish that produce drifting eggs in the Songzi River has decreased,and the egg and fry runoff of river-lake migratory fish such as the four major Chinese carps has declined,indicating that the contribution of the Songzi River to replenishment of fish resources in Dongting Lake is declining.To maintain the ecological function of the Songzi River as a fish ecological corridor and ensure the sustainability of fishery resources in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River⁃Dongting Lake system,we offer two general recommendations:(1)Ecological regulation of the Three Gorges Project and the sluices and dams in the Songzi River to restore the spawning grounds.(2)An increase in artificial propagation and release.
作者
胡兴坤
熊标
李伟涛
阙延福
高海涛
朱滨
胡俊
邵科
HU Xingkun;XIONG Biao;LI Weitao;QUE Yanfu;GAO Haitao;ZHU Bin;HU Jun;SHAO Ke(Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources,Institute of Hydroecology,Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430079,P.R.China;Institute of Changjiang Ecological Conservation Co.Ltd,MWR&CAS,Wuhan 430079,P.R.China;Yunnan Academy of Fishery Sciences,Kunming 650111,P.R.China)
出处
《水生态学杂志》
2025年第6期170-179,共10页
Journal of Hydroecology
基金
2023年度武汉市知识创新专项项目(2023020201020298)
国家重点研发计划课题(2021YFC3200304)
水利部三峡工程管理司三峡后续工作(12620200600020J005)
三峡工程调度运行对洞庭湖四口水系生态通道功能效应分析(12620200600021J002)。
关键词
江湖通道
产漂流性卵鱼类
早期资源补充量
生态通道功能
松滋河
river-lake corridor
drift-spawning fish
early-life-stage fish resources
ecological corridor function
Songzi River
作者简介
胡兴坤,1991年生,男,助理研究员,主要从事鱼类生态学工作。E-mail:huxingkun@mail.ihe.ac.cn;通信作者:邵科,1986年生,男,副研究员,主要从事鱼类生态学工作。E-mail:shaoke86@mail.ihe.ac.cn。
