摘要
区块链是一种允许多个陌生节点利用共识机制在不依赖可信第三方节点支持的情况下建立信任的技术。考虑到区块链的“去中心化”特点,标准的密码技术需要进行分布式改造以适用于区块链场景。本文对适用于区块链的分布式密码学框架、分布式密钥管理、分布式数字签名、分布式密钥协商与分布式审计等分布式密码技术进行了综述。具体地,本文分析了以上几种技术的研究现状,并依托经典方案梳理了各种技术的构造思想。同时,本文比较了各方案的属性与性能,评估了各方案在安全性、效率和可扩展性等方面的优缺点,并讨论了该领域当前面临的挑战。最后,对未来的发展前景进行了展望。
Blockchain is a technology that enables multiple unfamiliar nodes to establish trust through a consensus mechanism without relying on the support of trusted third-party nodes.Considering the decentralized nature of blockchain,standard cryptographic techniques require distributed adaptations to suit blockchain scenarios.This paper presents a survey of distributed cryptographic techniques including distributed cryptographic frameworks,distributed key management,distributed digital signatures,distributed key agreement,and distributed auditing,which are suitable for blockchain applications.Specifically,this paper analyses the state of art of the aforementioned techniques and organizes the design principles based on classic schemes.Furthermore,it compares the attributes and performance of various schemes,evaluates their strengths and weaknesses in terms of security,efficiency,and scalability,and discusses the challenges currently faced in this field.Finally,the paper offers insights into future development prospects.
作者
胡云帆
熊虎
方黎明
彭长根
秦臻
秦志光
HU Yun-Fan;XIONG Hu;FANG L-Ming;PENG Chang-Gen;QIN Zhen;QIN Zhi-Guang(Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Network and Data Security,School of Information and Software Engineering,University of Eleetronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu 610054;Collge of Computer Science and Technology,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106;Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronauties Shenzhen Research Institute,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518057;The State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data,College of Computer Science and Technology,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025)
出处
《计算机学报》
2025年第7期1670-1695,共26页
Chinese Journal of Computers
基金
国家重点研发计划(2022YFB2701400)
国家自然科学基金项目(U22B2029,62272228)
深圳市科技计划项目(JCYJ20210324134408023)资助。
关键词
区块链
分布式密码学
密钥管理
数字签名
密钥协商
审计
blockchain
distributed cryptography
key management
digital signature
key agreement
audit
作者简介
胡云帆,博士研究生,主要研究方向为密码学、人工智能安全。E-mail:202311090901@std.uestc.edu.cn;通信作者:熊虎,博士,教授,中国计算机学会(CCF)会员,主要研究领域为密码学、区块链。E-mail:xionghu@uestc.edu.cn;方黎明,博士,教授,中国计算机学会(CCF)会员,主要研究领域为密码学、区块链、人工智能安全;彭长根,博士,教授,中国计算机学会(CCF)会员,主要研究领域为密码学、信息安全;秦臻,博士,教授,中国计算机学会(CCF)会员,主要研究领域为人工智能安全、多源数据融合;秦志光,博士,教授,中国计算机学会(CCF)会员,主要研究领域为信息安全。
