摘要
【目的】针对北方林区生物防火林带内可燃物调控的需求,应用耐火植物生态占位的保护理念,筛选具有良好防护性能及生态经济价值的草本植物栽植于生物防火林带中,以期为北方林区生物防火林带可燃物管理提供参考。【方法】测定6种备选植物的含水量季节动态、生长特征、燃烧特性以及分析其生态学特性。【结果】春季防火期末各草本植物含水率均能达到70%以上,秋季防火期初三叶草、山韭、蒲公英和委陵菜含水率仍达60%以上;生长季末6种草本植物风干生物量为23.49~205.04 g/m^(2);6种草本植物燃点为246.67~258.33℃,热值为14.21~16.81 MJ/kg,残炭量为27.91%~45.70%;6种草本植物中喜光耐旱、耐贫瘠的有山韭、蒲公英、委陵菜、三叶草。【结论】6种草本植物均适宜在早春栽植于防火林带,但山韭、三叶草、委陵菜和蒲公英更适宜在晚秋栽植于防火林带;综合草本植物燃烧特性,蒲公英是所选物种中最宜栽种于生物防火林带下的耐火草本植物;根据各物种耐寒、耐旱以及对光照和土壤需求的不同,可选择不同林型生物防火林带内部及林缘进行不同配置的栽种。
【Objective】In response to the demand for combustible material control in the biological fire prevention forest belt in northern forest areas,the protection concept of fire-resistant plant ecological occupation was applied to select herbaceous plants with good protective performance and ecological economic value for planting in the biological fire prevention forest belt,in order to provide reference for combustible material management in the biological fire prevention forest belt in northern forest areas.【Method】This study measured the seasonal dynamics of water content,growth characteristics,combustion characteristics,and analyzed the ecological characteristics of six candidate plants.【Result】At the end of the spring fire prevention period,the water content of each herbaceous plant could reach over 70%.At the end of the growth season and the beginning of the autumn fire prevention period,the water content of Trifolium repens,Allium senescens,Taraxacum mongolicum,and Potentilla fragarioides could reach over 60%.At the end of the growing season,the air dried biomass of six herbaceous plants ranged from 23.49 g/m^(2) to 205.04 g/m^(2).The burning points of six herbaceous species were between 246.67 and 258.33℃,with a calorific value range of 14.21-16.81 MJ/kg and a residual carbon content range of 27.91%to 45.70%.6 herbaceous plants that prefer light,were drought tolerant,and can tolerate poor soil conditions,including A.senescens,Ta.mongolicum,Tr.repens and P.fragarioides.【Conclusion】The six species selected were all suitable for planting in early spring in fire-resistant forest belts,but A.senescens,Tr.repens,Ta.mongolicum and P.fragarioides were more suitable for planting in late autumn.Taking into account the combustion characteristics of herbaceous plants,Ta.mongolicum was the most suitable fire-resistant herbaceous plant among the selected species to be planted under the biological fire-resistant forest belt.According to different species'cold and drought resistance,as well as their varying requirements for light and soil,different forest types of biological fire prevention forest belts and forest edges can be selected for planting in different configurations.
作者
李云红
陈亮
闫思宇
邵英男
刘广菊
LI Yunhong;CHEN Liang;YAN Siyu;SHAO Yingnan;LIU Guangju(Heilongjiang Institute of Ecology,Harbin Heilongjiang,150081,China;University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei Anhui 230026,China)
出处
《南方林业科学》
2025年第4期69-74,共6页
South China Forestry Science
基金
国家重点研发计划子任务(2022YFC3003104-04)
黑龙江省属科研院所业务费项目(SCZ2022-03)。
关键词
生物防火林带
耐火植物
生态学特性
燃烧特性
生长特征
biological fire prevention forest belt
fire-resistant plants
ecological characteristics
combustion characteristic
growth characteristics
作者简介
第一作者:李云红,女,副研究员,硕士,主要从事森林生态相关研究工作。E-mail:704415@qq.com;通信作者:刘广菊,女,研究员,博士,主要从事森林防火相关研究工作。E-mail:liuguangju1967@163.com。
