摘要
聚氯乙烯(PVC)凝胶是一类能够在电场激励下产生收缩、弯曲、面内扩张等多种变形模式的高分子聚合物,具有响应快、成本低、质量轻、力电转换效率高等优点,是一种理想的人工肌肉。本文综述了PVC凝胶近些年的发展现状,包括材料的组成、性能优化、制备工艺、新型构型设计及应用。重点介绍了通过掺杂功能添加剂来提升PVC凝胶的机电性能,以及利用3D打印、热熔成型等新型制备工艺实现PVC凝胶材料的快速制备。在传统阳极吸附型PVC凝胶致动器构型基础上,详细讨论了基于静电压缩和静电液力耦合驱动两种原理所设计的新型PVC凝胶致动器。随后,系统介绍了PVC凝胶致动器在柔性驱动、医疗和光学这三个领域的应用。最后,对PVC凝胶材料现阶段所遇到的技术瓶颈及发展趋势进行了讨论。
Polyvinyl chloride(PVC)gel is a class of polymers that is able to contract,bend,or expand under an applied voltage.PVC gel features a fast response,low cost,light weight,and high electromechanical efficiency,making it a promising candidate for artificial muscles.This paper reviews recent progress on PVC gel,including its compositions,modifications,fabrication technologies,design of novel configurations,and applications.This paper emphasizes the improvement of electromechanical performance of PVC gel through doping with functional additives,as well as rapid manufacturing techniques such as 3D printing and thermal melt processing.Based on the conventional configurations of PVC gel actuators employing anode-crawling mechanism,two novel deformation modes of PVC gel,namely electrostatic mode and electrohydraulic mode,are discussed in detail.Moreover,the applications of PVC gel in soft actuation,as well as in medical and optical fields,are systematically reviewed.Finally,the current challenges and future development trends facing PVC gel are discussed.
作者
张弛
张博
孙岩辉
钦建国
朱子才
唐振华
刘学婧
ZHANG Chi;ZHANG Bo;SUN Yanhui;QIN Jianguo;ZHU Zicai;TANG Zhenhua;LIU Xuejing(Key Laboratory of Road Construction Technology and Equipment of Ministry of Education,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710064,China;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Xi’an Polytechnic University,Xi’an 710048,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;College of Aerospace Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)
出处
《功能高分子学报》
2025年第5期457-470,共14页
Journal of Functional Polymers
基金
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划资助项目(2022JQ-340)
道路施工技术与装备教育部重点实验室(长安大学)开放基金(300102255502)。
关键词
聚氯乙烯凝胶
智能材料
柔性驱动
3D打印
光学
polyvinyl chloride gel
smart material
soft actuation
3D printing
optics
作者简介
张弛(1990—),男,山东单县人,博士,主要研究方向为电致动聚合物改性及应用。E-mail:czhang@chd.edu.cn;通信联系人:唐振华,E-mail:zhtang@cqu.edu.cn;通信联系人:刘学婧,E-mail:lisa890329@163.com。
