摘要
快速城市化进程为城市生态环境及居民身心健康带来多样挑战。生物多样性不仅是城市适应环境变化的基础,也与居民健康及福祉密切相关,但城市生物多样性对居民福祉的影响路径与机制还需要进一步明确。依托环境心理学视角,本研究对北京市居民展开调查,通过偏最小二乘法结构方程模型(PLS-SEM)探究生物多样性感知对居民主观幸福感的影响,并检验了自然联结性与恢复性感知的中介作用。结果表明:(1)北京市居民的生物多样性感知与主观幸福感整体处于中等水平,在不同维度存在显著的组内差异;(2)生物多样性感知对主观幸福感、自然联结性与恢复性感知均具有正向影响,其中植物多样性和基础设施感知的作用尤为突出;(3)自然联结性和恢复性感知正向影响主观幸福感,并且在生物多样性感知与主观幸福感之间发挥着部分中介作用;(4)在生物多样性感知和主观幸福感之间,自然联结性和恢复性感知发挥链式中介作用。研究结论揭示了城市生物多样性影响居民主观幸福感的具体路径与机制,提出了基于城市生物多样性保护提升居民福祉的相关建议,为促进城市可持续发展提供参考。
Rapid urbanization poses significant and multifaceted challenges to urban ecological environments,as well as to the physical and mental health of urban residents.In this context,urban biodiversity emerges as a key component that not only enhances a city's resilience and adaptability to environmental changes but also contributes meaningfully to the psychological well-being and life satisfaction of its inhabitants.Despite growing scholarly interest in the health benefits of nature,the specific pathways and mechanisms through which biodiversity exerts influence on human well-being remain underexplored,particularly in high-density urban environments.This study,rooted in the theoretical framework of environmental psychology,investigates the relationship between residents'perceived biodiversity and their subjective well-being in Beijing,the capital of China.Drawing on survey data collected from urban residents and employing Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling(PLS-SEM),the research seeks to identify both direct and indirect effects,with particular attention to the mediating roles of nature relatedness and restorative perception.Several important insights are revealed from this study:(1)Both perceived biodiversity and subjective well-being are generally rated at moderate levels among Beijing residents,yet significant differences are observed among demographic groups and across biodiversity dimensions;(2)Perceived biodiversity has a statistically significant and positive impact on subjective well-being,with plant diversity and biodiversity-related activities(e.g.,green spaces,ecological infrastructure)showing the strongest effects;(3)Nature relatedness(i.e.,an individual's emotional and cognitive bond with the natural world)and restorative perception(i.e.,the psychological recovery experienced in natural settings)are not only positively influenced by perceived biodiversity,but also significantly enhance subjective well-being;(4)Importantly,nature relatedness and restorative perception serve as partial and sequential mediators,forming a chain mediation pathway that explains how biodiversity perception translates into enhanced well-being.By clarifying these psychological and perceptual mechanisms,the study advances our understanding of how urban biodiversity contributes to residents'well-being beyond mere ecological or aesthetic value.These results underscore the importance of integrating biodiversity considerations into urban planning and public health strategies.The study offers practical implications for municipal governments,urban designers,and public health practitioners,suggesting that promoting biodiversity—particularly in terms of visible vegetation,ecological infrastructure,and educational engagement—can be an effective approach to fostering a healthier and more resilient urban population.Overall,this study provides valuable empirical evidence supporting biodiversity conservation as a pathway to sustainable urban development and enhanced quality of life in the rapid urbanization process.
作者
张梦真
苏明明
刘婕
王梦晗
董航宇
王亚楠
ZHANG Mengzhen;SU Mingming;LIU Jie;WANG Menghan;DONG Hangyu;WANG Yanan(School of Ecology&Environment,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;National Park Research Center,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)
出处
《生态学报》
2025年第18期9114-9129,共16页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金(42171232)。
关键词
城市生物多样性感知
居民
主观幸福感
自然联结性
恢复性感知
北京市
perceived urban biodiversity
residents
subjective well-being
nature relatedness
perceived restoration
Beijing
作者简介
通讯作者:苏明明,E-mail:smm52@hotmail.com。
