摘要
金属材料存在强度与塑性之间的倒置关系,传统均质材料通过细晶强化、第二相强化、固溶强化等手段无法有效解决强度与塑性之间的矛盾。非均质材料在变形过程中,硬相区和软相区的相互作用在界面处产生非均质变形诱导应力(HDI)。HDI应力导致强化和应变硬化,这一机制赋予了非均质材料优异的综合力学性能,实现了金属材料强度和塑性之间的良好平衡。双峰晶粒结构非均质金属材料不仅具有纳米晶/超细晶金属的优异强度,而且还继承了粗晶材料良好的位错储存能力和塑韧性。本文综述了近几年双峰晶粒结构在镁、钛、铜、铝、铁、钼等金属材料中的应用,重点介绍了金属材料双峰晶粒结构的强塑协同机制和优化设计;本文旨在为设计具有优异综合力学性能的双峰晶粒结构非均质金属材料提供指导,加深对双峰晶粒结构的理解,并将双峰晶粒结构拓展应用到其他金属材料如钨、钽、铌等难熔金属。
There is an inversly proportional relationship between strength and plasticity in metallic materials,and traditional homogeneous materials cannot effectively solve the contradiction between strength and plasticity by means of fine-crystal strengthening,second-phase strengthening,and solid-solution strengthening.In the deformation process of heterogeneous materials,the interaction between the hard and soft phase regions generates heterogeneous deformation-induced stress(HDI)at the interface,which leads to strengthening and strain hardening,a mechanism that gives heterogeneous materials excellent comprehensive mechanical properties and achieves a good balance between strength and plasticity of metallic materials.The bimodal grain-structured heterogeneous metallic materials not only exhibit superior mechanical strength of nanocrystalline/ultrafine-crystalline metals,but also inherit the good dislocation storage capacity and plastic toughness of coarse-crystalline materials.This paper reviewed the application of bimodal grain structures in magnesium,titanium,copper,aluminium,iron,molybdenum and other metallic materials in recent years,focused on the strong plastic synergistic mechanism and optimal design of bimodal grain-structured heterogeneous metallic materials.The aim of this paper was to provide guidance for the design of bimodal grain-structured heterogeneous metallic materials with excellent comprehensive mechanical properties,to deepen the understanding of bimodal grain structure,and to expand the application of bimodal grain structure to other metallic materials,such as tungsten,tantalum,niobium and other refractory metals.
作者
罗来马
叶伟
魏国庆
刘祯
马冰
昝祥
吴玉程
LUO Laima;YE Wei;WEI Guoqing;LIU Zhen;MA Bing;ZAN Xiang;WU Yucheng(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China;National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Nonferrous Metals and Processing Technology,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China;Engineering Research Center of High Performance Copper Alloy Materials and Processing,Ministry of Education,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China)
出处
《中国有色金属学报》
2025年第9期3048-3068,共21页
The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(92475116)
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2019YFE03120002,2022YFE03030003)
安徽省重点研发计划资助项目(2023z04020006)。
关键词
双峰晶粒结构
金属材料
HDI强化
应变硬化
强塑性协同
bimodal grain structure
metallic materials
HDI strengthening
strain hardening
synergy between strength and ductility
作者简介
通信作者:罗来马,教授,电话:13685512719,E-mail:luolaima@126.com。
