摘要
在现代化牧场的运营体系中,青年牛作为除成母牛之外的核心群体,其存栏量约占牧场总存栏数的30%,同时也是牧场第二大饲养成本支出项。青年牛的生长健康状况、配种时机的选择以及受孕率,直接决定了牧场投入与产出的经济效益水平。从牧场整体生产规划来看,青年牛的投产进度不仅影响泌乳牛群的平均胎次结构,更对整个牛群的平均产奶量起着关键保障作用。行业实践表明,青年牛首次产犊的理想月龄为22~24个月,这一目标的实现需要青年牛具备优良的繁殖能力,而优良的繁殖性能最终将转化为更高的牛奶产量,为牧场创造更多经济价值。
In modern dairy farm operations,heifers represent a core group alongside mature cows,accounting for approximately 30%of the total herd inventory and constituting the second-largest expense in farm rearing costs.The growth health status of heifers,the timing of breeding,and conception efficiency directly determine the economic benefits of farm input and output.From the perspective of overall farm production planning,the calving progress of heifers not only influences the average parity structure of the lactating herd but also plays a crucial role in ensuring the overall average milk yield of the herd.Industry practices indicate that the ideal age for heifers to first calve is 22~24 months.Achieving this goal requires heifers to possess excellent reproductive capabilities,and superior reproductive performance ultimately translates into higher milk production,thereby creating greater economic value for the farm.
作者
付畅
李强
周娟娟
曹云龙
FU Chang;LI Qiang;ZHOU Juanjuan;CAO Yunlong(Ningbo Sansheng Biological Technology Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo Zhejiang 315000;Long County Animal Husbandry Workstation,Baoji Shaanxi 721200)
出处
《中国乳业》
2025年第9期44-51,共8页
China Dairy
关键词
青年牛
参配率
受胎率
投产月龄
经济效益
定时输精
Heifer
breeding rate
conception rate
age at first calving
economic benefits
timed artificial insemination
作者简介
付畅(1988-),男,黑龙江齐齐哈尔人,本科,研究方向为反刍动物繁殖与生理学;李强(1972-),男,江苏南通人,专科,研究方向为反刍动物繁殖与生理学;周娟娟(1988-),女,陕西宝鸡人,硕士,畜牧师,研究方向为动物遗传育种与繁殖及畜牧技术与应用;曹云龙(1982-),男,陕西宝鸡人,本科,兽医师,研究方向为畜牧技术及动物疫病防控。
