摘要
碳捕集与封存(CCS)作为实现碳中和目标的必要技术手段之一,其兜底保障战略意义和技术定位已得到国际组织的广泛认可和积极倡导。当前,政策体系不完善、市场机制融合不足、项目监管框架缺失等因素仍在制约着CCS技术的产业化进程。在《巴黎协定》达成十周年的关键节点,在CCS由技术示范向规模化应用转变的关键时期,本研究运用文献综述法,系统整合近年来全球CCS项目数据和政策文本,从发展规模、技术革新、区域格局、产业生态等视角出发,对全球CCS技术发展的多维态势进行了剖析,并对美国、欧盟、加拿大、英国、澳大利亚等国家和地区促进CCS发展的核心经验进行了总结,据此提出了适合我国国情的CCS发展建议,以期为CCS技术及相关领域的政策制定者和科研工作者提供参考。分析认为,各国从顶层设计上锚定CCS战略定位,通过阶梯式财税激励政策、碳市场深度衔接机制、地下空间权属管理制度、覆盖项目全生命周期的监管框架,推动CCS项目在全球范围内呈现迅速扩张趋势。研究指出,在全球气候治理规则重构与绿色技术竞争白热化的关键窗口期,中国亟需制定CCS专项发展战略,优化财税激励措施,加快健全全国碳市场,创新地下空间管理制度,规范监管程序,从而推动CCS技术实现规模化发展,助力“双碳”目标达成。
Carbon capture and storage(CCS)is widely recognized by international organizations as an essential technological solution for achieving carbon neutrality and is actively promoted by them.Its strategic role as a safety net and its technical positioning have gained broad consensus.At present,the industrialization of CCS technology is still constrained by factors such as incomplete policy formulation,limited integration into market mechanisms,and a lack of project regulation.Against the backdrop of the 10th anniversary of The Paris Agreement and the pivotal transition of CCS from a demonstration technology to large-scale deployment,this study adopts a literature review approach,integrating global CCS project data and policy documents.It examines the multidimensional development trends in CCS technology from the perspectives of scale,technological innovation,regional distribution,and industrial ecosystems.Furthermore,it synthesizes the core experiences of countries and regions including the United States,the European Union,Canada,the United Kingdom,and Australia in advancing CCS development,and proposes tailored development recommendations for China,with the aim of providing a valuable reference for policymakers and researchers in CCS and related fields.The analysis reveals that countries have embedded CCS within their national strategic frameworks and implemented a suite of enabling measures,including phased fiscal and tax incentives,deep linkages with carbon markets,subsurface space resource ownership systems,and comprehensive regulatory frameworks spanning the entire project lifecycle,thereby contributing to the rapid global expansion of CCS projects.The findings highlight the fact that amid the ongoing restructuring of global climate governance and intensifying competition in green technologies,China must urgently formulate a dedicated CCS development strategy,enhance fiscal and tax incentive mechanisms,accelerate the establishment of a robust national carbon market,innovate subsurface space resource governance,and standardize regulatory procedures to facilitate the large-scale deployment of CCS and support the realization of China’s carbon peaking and carbon neutrality objectives.
作者
杜璨
唐金荣
王泉
孙月
郭焦锋
吴林强
DU Can;TANG Jinrong;WANG Quan;SUN Yue;GUO Jiaofeng;WU Linqiang(Development and Research Center,China Geological Survey,Beijing 100037,China;Research Institute of Resources and Environment Policies,Development Research Center of the State Council,Beijing 100010,China)
出处
《中国矿业》
2025年第9期15-30,共16页
China Mining Magazine
基金
“自然资源管理与现代地质工作战略研究”项目资助(编号:DD20230558)。
关键词
碳捕集与封存
全球
政策体系
碳市场
地下空间资源
监管程序
carbon capture and storage
global
policy framework
carbon market
subsurface space resource
regulatory procedure
作者简介
第一作者:杜璨(1995-),女,汉族,山西吕梁人,硕士,助理研究员,主要从事地质工作发展战略、碳封存与地下空间管理、地下水污染修复等方面的研究工作,E-mail:ducan@mail.cgs.gov.cn;通讯作者:唐金荣(1978-),男,汉族,江西高安人,博士,研究员,主要从事地质工作发展战略研究、关键矿产供应风险研究和碳封存与地下空间管理研究等,E-mail:jinrongt@163.com。
