摘要
田野工作是人类学的学科标志,既是研究者获得资料的重要途径,也是研究者介入他者、研究他者、反思自身的方法。传统田野调查提倡长期性、周期性,然而以年度为周期的长期田野工作对大多数科研工作人员而言很难实现,成为当前人类学科研工作的一大困境。当下交通等基础设施、技术支持条件已得到较大改善,针对大兴调查之风、人文社会科学研究项目制、学生田野调查实践的需要,在20天左右的田野调研中,充分利用“五官”进入,有效获得有主题性的田野资料,从而将年度为周期的完整田野分解为若干短期田野来实现,是为当前人类学田野工作纾困和不同学科专业的田野调查需求增长而提出的一种可行性方案。
Fieldwork is a hallmark of anthropology,serving both as a crucial method for data collection and as a way for researchers to engage with others,study others,and reflect on themselves.Traditional anthropological fieldwork emphasizes long-term and periodic engagement,but conducting year-long field studies is often impractical for most researchers,posing a significant challenge in current anthropological research.With substantial improvements in infrastructure,transportation,and technical support,and in response to the growing demands of large-scale surveys,project-based research in the humanities and social sciences,and student fieldwork training,a practical solution has emerged:conducting shorter field visits of around 20 days.These short-term investigations make full use of sensory engagement(the five senses)to effectively gather thematically focused data.This approach breaks down the traditional annual cycle of fieldwork into manageable short-term segments and offers a viable strategy to ease the burden of field research while meeting the rising needs across different disciplines.
作者
沈海梅
贺佳乐
SHEN Hai-mei;HE Jia-le(School of Social Sciences,Yunnan Minzu University,Kunming,650500)
出处
《云南社会科学》
2025年第5期133-142,共10页
Social Sciences in Yunnan
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“云南民间观音信仰研究”(项目号:23BZJ047)的阶段性成果。
关键词
人类学
短期田野调查
调查方法
Anthropology
Short-Term Fieldwork
Survey Method
作者简介
沈海梅,女,云南民族大学社会学院人类学教授、博士生导师,主要从事社会人类学、环喜马拉雅区域研究;贺佳乐,女,云南民族大学社会学院博士研究生,主要从事社会人类学研究。
