摘要
学界有关共犯脱离的判断标准视角过于单一,只能适用于共同正犯中的部分情况,不具有普遍性。应当认识到共犯脱离的本质就是共同犯罪的分解,确定共犯脱离的事实判断标准必须回归共同犯罪成立条件之本源。根据共同犯意、共同实施行为以及行为实质贡献的构成要件,设定对应的脱离意思、阻却行为、事实效果的三要素判断标准,并根据共同犯罪中脱离人的分工、地位不同以递进的形式组合适用。在帮助型共犯中,仅具有脱离意思就承认脱离;在平等型共犯中,必须满足脱离意思和阻却行为两个条件;在支配型共犯中,除却意思和行为,还必须达到降低事实支配力之效果才承认脱离。
The academic circle's perspective on the criteria for judging the disengagement of co-conspirators is too simplistic and can only be applied to some cases of joint principal offenders,lacking universality.It should be recognized that the essence of an accomplice's detachment is the decomposition of a joint crime.The factual judgment standard for determining an accomplice's detachment must return to the origin of the conditions for the establishment of a joint crime.Based on the constituent elements of joint criminal intent,joint implementation of acts,and substantive contributions to acts,corresponding three-element judgment standards of detachment from intent,obstruction of acts,and factual effects are set,and they are combined and applied in a progressive form according to the different divisions of labor and positions of the detached persons in joint crimes.In a contributive accomplice,disengagement is acknowledged merely because of the intention to disengage.In an equal type of accomplice,two conditions must be met:the intention to be detached and the act to be prevented.In a dominant co-conspirator,apart from the intention and behavior,the effect of reducing factual dominance must also be achieved before the withdrawal is acknowledged.
作者
刘一诺
唐煜枫
Liu Yinuo;Tang Yufeng(East China University of Political Science and Law,Shanghai 201620,China;Liaoning University,Shenyang 110136,China)
出处
《湖北警官学院学报》
2025年第4期137-149,共13页
Journal of Hubei University of Police
基金
华东政法大学刑事法学院2024年度苏惠渔刑法学研究基金项目“非法获取计算机信息系统数据罪的规范适用:以保护法益为切入点”。
关键词
共同犯罪
共犯脱离
共犯中止
三要素说
Joint Crime
Accomplice's Release
Termination of Co-conspirator
the Threeelement Theory
作者简介
刘一诺,华东政法大学刑事法学院刑法学专业硕士研究生;唐煜枫,辽宁大学法学院副教授,法学博士。
