摘要
试验旨在探究发酵玉米秸秆对肉牛生长性能、肉品质、瘤胃发酵参数、血清生化指标及免疫指标的影响。选择160头肉牛随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复8头牛。对照组饲喂基础饲粮(含50%玉米秸秆),试验组Ⅰ、试验组Ⅱ、试验组Ⅲ分别用50%、25%、10%发酵玉米秸秆替换基础饲粮中的玉米秸秆。预试期7 d,正式试验期60 d。结果显示,与对照组相比,各试验组肉牛末重和平均日增重显著增加(P<0.05),料重比显著降低(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,各试验组肌肉背膘厚度、净肉率、pH_(24 h)值显著升高(P<0.05),蒸煮损失率和剪切力显著降低(P<0.05);试验组Ⅰ和试验组Ⅱ肌肉滴水损失显著降低(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,试验组肉牛瘤胃液氨态氮含量显著降低(P<0.05),总挥发性脂肪酸和微生物蛋白含量显著提高(P<0.05);试验组Ⅰ肉牛瘤胃液丙酸含量显著升高(P<0.05),乙酸含量和乙酸/丙酸显著降低(P<0.05)。试验组Ⅰ肉牛血清尿素氮含量显著低于其他组(P<0.05),胰岛素生长因子和生长激素含量显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。各试验组血清免疫球蛋白A、干扰素-γ、白细胞介素-2含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),试验组Ⅰ免疫球蛋白G和白细胞介素-2含量显著高于试验组Ⅱ和试验组Ⅲ(P<0.05)。研究表明,使用50%发酵玉米秸秆替换基础饲粮中的玉米秸秆,可以有效改善肉牛生长性能,提高肉品质,增强瘤胃发酵功能,改善血清生化指标和免疫指标。
The study aimed to investigate the effects of fermented corn straw on the growth performance,meat quality,rumen fermentation parameters,serum biochemical indices,and immune indices in beef cattle.A total of 160 beef cattle were randomly divided into four groups,each with five replicates and eight cattle per replicate.The control group was fed a basal diet(containing 50%corn straw),while groupsⅠ,Ⅱ,andⅢreplaced 50%,25%,and 10%of the corn straw in the basal diet with fermented corn straw,respectively.The pre-test period was seven days and the formal test period was 60 days.The results showed that compared with the control group,the final weight and average daily gain of beef cattle in the experimental groups were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the feed to gain ratio was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the back fat thickness,net meat percentage,and pH24h value of muscle in the experimental groups were significantly increased(P<0.05),while the cooking loss rate and shear force were significantly decreased(P<0.05).The drip loss of muscle in groupsⅠandⅡwas significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the ammonia nitrogen content in rumen fluid of beef cattle in the experimental groups was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the total volatile fatty acids and microbial protein concentrations were significantly increased(P<0.05).The content of propionic acid in rumen fluid of beef cattle in groupⅠwas significantly increased(P<0.05),while the content of acetic acid and acetate-to-propionate ratio were significantly decreased(P<0.05).The content of serum urea nitrogen in groupⅠwas significantly lower than in other groups(P<0.05),while the concentrations of insulin growth factor and growth hormone were significantly higher than that in other groups(P<0.05).The concentrations of immunoglobulin A,interferon-γ,and interleukin-2 in the serum of beef cattle in the experimental groups were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The concentrations of immunoglobulin G and interleukin-2 in groupⅠwere significantly higher than those in groupsⅡandⅢ(P<0.05).The study shows that replacing 50%of corn straw with fermented corn straw in the basal diet effectively improves growth performance,meat quality,rumen fermentation performance,serum biochemical indices and immune indices in beef cattle.
作者
陈为峰
谭善杰
CHEN Weifeng;TAN Shanjie
出处
《饲料研究》
北大核心
2025年第13期17-22,共6页
Feed Research
基金
山东省现代农业产业技术体系(项目编号:2022TZX D0021)。
关键词
发酵玉米秸秆
肉牛
生长性能
肉品质
瘤胃发酵
血清生化指标
免疫指标
fermented corn straw
beef cattle
growth performance
meat quality
rumen fermentation
serum biochemical indices
immune indices
作者简介
第一作者:陈为峰,大学,高级兽医师,研究方向为动物疫病防控;通信作者:谭善杰,大学,农业技术推广研究员。
