技术何以自主?——人机协作与技术自主性新论证

How is Technological Autonomy Achieved?:a New Theoretical Argument on Technological Autonomy in Human-Machine Collaboration

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摘要 “技术何以自主”是技术哲学中的重要问题。传统技术自主性理论在这一论题的阐释上通常从技术自身的驱动力或外部社会约束的视角切入,但在智能社会深度呈现的背景下,由于技术的自主性越来越依赖于与人类的协作,并在这一过程中不断优化和增强自身能力,从而导致上述视角难以完整解释技术自主性的形成与演进。而从“协作自主”的角度来看,技术自主性所呈现的是更鲜明的协作性、动态演进性、权力主体性。就此来看,未来关于技术自主性的讨论应更加关注“应然”与“实然”的平衡、技术的可解释性与透明性以及跨学科的协作模式,由此方能更全面地审视与把握技术、人类与社会之间复杂的互动与博弈。 The question of how technology attains autonomy is a central concern in the philosophy of technology.Traditional theories of technological autonomy often attribute it either to intrinsic driving forces or to external social constraints.However,in an increasingly intelligent society,technological autonomy is becoming more dependent on human collaboration,continuously evolving and enhancing its capabilities in the process.This shift challenges conventional perspectives,which struggle to fully account for the formation and evolution of technological autonomy.From the perspective of collaborative autonomy,technological autonomy exhibits more distinct characteristics of collaboration,dynamic evolution and power subjectivity.Accordingly,future discussions should place emphasis on the balance between normative and empirical considerations,the explainability and transparency of technology and interdisciplinary collaboration.These approaches will enable a more comprehensive understanding of the complex interactions and negotiations between technology,humanity and society.

作者王亚南袁继红 WANG Ya-nan;YUAN Ji-hong(Graduate School,Party School of the Central Committee of C.P.C.,Beijing 100091;School of Marxism,Guangdong University of Finance&Economics,Guangzhou 510320,China)

机构地区中共中央党校研究生院广东财经大学马克思主义学院

出处《自然辩证法研究》北大核心 2025年第5期74-79,共6页 Studies in Dialectics of Nature

基金国家社会科学基金项目“科学、技术、文明与中国式现代化的文明建构”(22VRC044) 国家社会科学基金一般项目“计算社会科学的解释研究”(19BZX033)。

关键词技术自主论人机协作协作自主 technological autonomy human-machine collaboration collaborative autonomy

分类号 N031 [自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]

作者简介王亚南(1992-),女,安徽阜阳人,中共中央党校研究生院博士研究生,主要研究方向:人工智能伦理;袁继红(1977-),女,湖南华容人,哲学博士,广东财经大学马克思主义学院教授,主要研究方向:社会科学哲学。