摘要
筛分装置作为谷物联合收获机的关键部件之一,其性能优劣直接影响整机的工作质量。鉴于农业物料多样性及操作环境复杂性,开展筛分装置相关研究对提高机收效率,降低清选损失率、含杂率至关重要。通过详细阐述国内外谷物联合收获机筛分装置的主要类型及特点,对比传统型及新型的筛孔形状和排列方式。结合筛片类型、多层筛体配置、筛体材料及筛体参数等因素对筛体进行综合分析,并研究不同自由度振动筛对筛体运动形式及筛分效率的影响。以监测装置结构、安装位置、自适应控制策略为主要影响因素,对筛分装置损失监测及自适应控制策略进行分析。针对筛分装置目前存在的筛孔易堵塞、工作噪声大、智能化程度低等问题,结合我国现代化农业智能化发展现状,提出模块化、智能化、通用化的发展方向,旨在为我国谷物联合收获机筛分装置工作性能的提升提供理论参考。
As one of the key components of grain combine harvesters,the performance of the screening device significantly influences the overall efficiency and working quality of the machine's operation.Given the diversity of agricultural materials and the complexity of operating environments,optimizing the screening device is essential for improving machine harvesting efficiency,reducing cleaning loss rates,and minimizing impurity content.This study provides a detailed review of the main types and characteristics of screening devices used in grain combine harvesters in China and abroad,comparing traditional and novel screen designs and configurations.Key factors such as sieve types,multi‑layer sieve body configurations,sieve body materials,and sieve body parameters were systematically analyzed to evaluate their impact on screening performance.Additionally,the effects of vibrating screens with varying degrees of freedom on the motion and efficiency of the sieve body was investigated.The analysis also examined the influence of monitoring device structure,installation location,and adaptive control strategies on the performance of the screening unit,with particular attention to loss monitoring and adaptive control optimization.In view of the existing challenges facing screening device,such as sieve hole clogging,high operational noise,and low levels of intelligence,this study proposes development directions emphasizing modularity,intelligence,and universality.These recommendations align with the intelligent modernization of agriculture in China and aim to prove a theoretical foundation for improving the performance of screening devices in grain combine harvesters.
作者
王超
金诚谦
杨萧瑜
雷朝旭
李盼盼
赵紫皓
Wang Chao;Jin Chengqian;Yang Xiaoyu;Lei Chaoxu;Li Panpan;Zhao Zihao(College of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo,255000,China;Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Mechanization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing,210014,China)
出处
《中国农机化学报》
北大核心
2025年第6期46-54,共9页
Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(32171911)
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD2000503)。
关键词
谷物联合收获机
筛分装置
损失监测
自适应控制
农业智能化
grain combine harvester
screening device
loss monitoring
adaptive control
intelligent agriculture
作者简介
第一作者:王超,男,1997年生,山东诸城人,硕士研究生,研究方向为现代农业机械与装备。E‑mail:787642427@qq.com;通讯作者:金诚谦,男,1973年生,安徽潜山人,博士,教授,博导,研究方向为大田作物种植与收获机械化与智能化。E‑mail:412114402@qq.com。
