摘要
木材解剖学是研究木材(次生木质部)中各类细胞形态特征、排列、比量、结构和功能的一门科学。在木材解剖学框架内,开展木材构造特征定量化研究,实现木材解剖信息的定量提取、挖掘、整合与应用,科学构建木材构造特征与树种生理功能、气候环境、木材性质和加工工艺等之间的相互关系,可进一步推动木材学、林学、植物学、古生物学、古气候学、考古学和物候学等学科的发展。当前,在系统科学的时代背景下,梳理木材定量解剖研究的发展脉络,厘清木材构造特征的结构性和整体性,从系统论视角探讨木材定量解剖研究的涌现性质,有利于促进木材解剖学的跨学科交叉融合,开创木材解剖学发展新格局。本研究首先介绍木材解剖学的重要发展阶段,针对木材构造特征的共性和多样性,从样品制备、信息采集和数据分析等方面总结木材定量解剖研究的主要方法,然后分别从木材构造特征与树木系统进化、木材构造特征与气候环境变化、木材构造特征与木材性质及加工利用关系3方面归纳近10年来木材定量解剖研究取得的最新进展,最后针对当前存在的问题与不足,提出未来发展展望:1)木材定量解剖研究方法的持续性革新迭代,推动木材定量解剖高通量测试与分析平台的研发,为木材解剖学的广泛应用提供基础;2)木材信息资源及其共享体系的全球化构建完善,增强木材定量解剖数据的可靠性和共享性,为发展基于数据驱动的木材科学研究新范式提供重要基础;3)木材定量解剖研究体系的多学科交叉融合,从底层逻辑和层级架构视角比较木材解剖学与植物解剖学、生态学、木材加工利用等领域的关联与异同,促进多学科融合创新发展。通过进一步开展木材定量解剖研究,加强木材解剖学的跨学科交叉融合,从木材解剖学角度推动基于数据驱动的木材科学研究新范式的构建与发展,能够为林木培育、森林经营、树木分类、森林碳汇、气候变化、木材生产及可持续利用等研究提供理论基础和科学依据。
Wood anatomy studies about the morphological characteristics,cell arrangement,tissue proportion,structure and function of various cells in secondary xylem,the wood.In the frame of wood anatomy research,carrying out quantitative wood anatomy(QWA)can realize the quantitative extraction,mining,integration and application of wood anatomical traits information.It can further be beneficial for scientifically constructing the relationships between wood anatomical traits and physiological functions of tree species,climate and environment,wood properties and processing technology.QWA can also advance the developments of other research fields,including wood science,forestry,botany,paleontology,palaeoclimatology,archaeology and phenology.Therefore,in the era of systematic science,we should find out the developmental characteristics of quantitative anatomy of wood,clarify the structural frame and integrity of wood anatomical traits,and discuss the emerging nature of quantitative wood anatomy of wood from the perspective of scientific system theory.This would enhance the multi-disciplinary integration and update the quantitative wood anatomy.Hence,in this review,we firstly introduced the important development stages of wood anatomy,and then described main methods for quantitative wood anatomy studies on basis of sample preparation,information collection and data analysis.Furthermore,new research progress on QWA over the decade was summarized from three aspects;wood anatomy and tree system evolution,wood anatomy and climate and environment change,wood anatomy and wood properties,processing and utilization.Finally,to solve the problems and shortcomings of QWA,three prospects for future development are proposed.1)Innovate the methods for QWA,and build the high flux testing and analysis platform for QWA.This could provide a basis for the wide application of wood anatomy.2)Improve wood information resources and build the information sharing system,enhance the reliability and sharing of QWA information.This can provide an important basis for the development of a new paradigm of wood science research driven by data.3)Frame the QWA research from the perspective of systematic development theory.Comparatively investigate the similarities and differences between wood anatomy and other fields,such as plant anatomy,ecology,wood processing and utilization by the view of underlying logic and hierarchy architecture.Promote and innovate the multidisciplinary development.QWA promotes multi-disciplinary integration,and provides theoretical and scientific basis for research on forest cultivation,forest management,tree classification,forest carbon sink,climate change,wood production and sustainable utilization.
作者
郭娟
焦立超
何拓
马灵玉
姜笑梅
殷亚方
Guo Juan;Jiao Lichao;He Tuo;Ma Lingyu;Jiang Xiaomei;Yin Yafang(Research Institute of Wood Industry,Chinese Academy of Forestry Wood Collection,Chinese Academy of Forestry Wood Specimen Resource Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing 100091)
出处
《林业科学》
2025年第2期204-218,共15页
Scientia Silvae Sinicae
基金
中国林业科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资助(CAFYBB2021QC003)
科技创新2030-重大项目课题(2023ZD0405905)。
关键词
次生木质部
木材解剖学
定量解剖
构造特征
高通量测试
secondary xylem
wood anatomy
quantitative wood anatomy
anatomical traits
high flux testing
作者简介
通信作者:殷亚方。E-mail:yafang@caf.ac.cn。
