摘要
在高电压等级真空灭弧室中,对大开距真空电弧的有效控制是提高真空开关开断性能的关键,因此,有必要对开距变化条件下的大电流真空电弧等离子体特性和空间磁场变化的物理过程进行研究。该文基于大电流真空电弧三维稳态模型,对四槽杯状纵磁触头和六槽杯状纵磁触头在不同开距下的空间磁场分布以及真空电弧三维特性进行了仿真对比研究。仿真结果表明,随着开距的增大,纵向磁场逐渐减小,径向磁场逐渐增大。同时,当开距增大时,轴向电流密度在阳极侧收缩加剧,进而使阳极侧附近的电子温度和注入阳极能流密度相应增大,这将造成阳极中心局部过热,对真空电弧的有效开断带来不利影响。此外,通过仿真对比分析,能够为高电压等级真空灭弧室内触头的优化设计提供理论参考。仿真得到的离子数密度分布与实验电弧照片中的弧柱形态较相符。
In the high-voltage vacuum interrupter,the effective control of vacuum arc with large gap distance is the key to improvement in the performance of vacuum switch.Therefore,it is necessary to study the microphysical process between the characteristics of high-current vacuum arc plasma and spatial magnetic field under the condition of varying the gap distance.Based on 3-D steady-state model of high-current vacuum arcs,the spatial magnetic field distribution and three-dimensional characteristics of vacuum arc of four-slots-cup-shaped axial magnetic contact and six-slots-cup-shaped axial magnetic contact under different gap distance are simulated and compared in this paper.The simulation results show that the axial magnetic field decreases and the radial magnetic field increases with the increase of gap distance.When the gap distance increases,the axial current density contracts at the anode side,thus the electron temperature near the anode side and the injected anode heat flux density will correspondingly increase.This will cause local overheat in the center of the anode and adversely affect the effective break of the vacuum arc.In addition,the comparison and analysis of simula-tion results can provide some reference for the optimal design of contacts in high-voltage vacuum interrupter.The ion number density distribution in the simulation results is in good agreement with the arc column shape in the experimental arc photos.
作者
苏海博
王勇
刘俊翔
顾乐
王立军
王翔宇
SU Haibo;WANG Yong;LIU Junxiang;GU Le;WANG Lijun;WANG Xiangyu(Electric Power Research Institute,Guangzhou Power Supply Bureau,Guangdong Power Grid Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510410,China;State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment,Xi’an Jiaotong Unierversity,Xi’an 710049,China)
出处
《高电压技术》
2025年第1期423-437,共15页
High Voltage Engineering
基金
广东电网有限责任公司广州供电局科技项目(真空灭弧型环保GIS关键技术研究与应用)(080037KK52200020)。
关键词
真空电弧
开距
触头结构
纵向磁场
仿真研究
vacuum arc
gap distance
contact structure
axial magnetic field
simulation research
作者简介
苏海博,1986-,男,硕士,高工主要从事大容量开断和限流设备研制及电力设备状态监测评估方面的工作,E-mail:284192856@qq.com;王勇,1967-,男,博士,教授级高工主要从事高电压技术与设备方面的研究工作,E-mail:2373964661@qq.com;刘俊翔,1986-,男,硕士,教授级高工主要从事电力设备管理、研发与技术监督方面的工作,E-mail:331787138@qq.com;通信作者:王立军,1975-,男,博士,教授,博导主要从事开关电弧理论及应用、高压开关电器数值模拟及诊断、放电等离子体理论及应用方面的研究工作,E-mail:lijunwang@mail.xjtu.edu.cn。
