摘要
道德奠基是道德哲学最为核心的问题,也构成了王阳明哲学的核心关注之点。在阳明那里,良知首先作为一种自发性的道德意识,而区别于以理性计算、安排为主要特征的意向性道德意识,使得主体能够超越理性的计算与反思所带来的功利性,以实现道德意识与行动的直接合一。良知之所以具有自发性,则在于良知作为身体的内在感应机能能够“触机神应”,从而主体能够对他者的疾苦、痛痒感同身受。阳明进一步基于“一气”贯通的万物一体论,为不同个体之间的痛痒感应、一体相关的关系提供了一个存在论的基础。阳明的这一道德奠基工作是基于他对宇宙和存在的理解,已进入形而上学的领域,从而与于连所赞赏的孟子的思路有所不同,展示了中国思想关于道德奠基的另一种可能性。
Moral foundation is the core issue of moral philosophy,and also constitutes the core concern of Wang Yangming.In Yangming,conscience,as a kind of spontaneous moral consciousness,is different from the intentional moral consciousness which is mainly characterized by rational calculation and arrangement.It enables the subject to transcend the utility brought by rational calculation and reflection,so as to realize the direct unity of moral consciousness and action.The reason why conscience has spontaneity is that conscience,as the internal induction function of the body,can respond to the out circumstances quickly,so that the subject can empathize with the suffering and itching of others.Yangming further provided an ontological basis for pain sensing and oneness correlation between dfferent individuals,and this ontological basis is All in One theory founded on the basis of all things are formed by Qi("气").This moral foundation work of Yangming is actually based on his understanding of the universe and being,and has entered the field of metaphysics,which is different from the thinking of Mencius praised by Yu Lian,and shows another possibility of Chinese thought on moral foundation.
出处
《学术月刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第7期22-29,共8页
Academic Monthly
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“道德哲学视域下的王阳明思想及其现代意义研究”(19CZX019)的阶段性成果。
关键词
王阳明
良知
自发性
感应
万物一体
道德奠基
Wang Yangming
conscience
spontaneity
induction
All in One
moral foundation
作者简介
苏晓冰,西安电子科技大学哲学系讲师市(陕西西安710100)。
