摘要
预防和化解教师职业倦怠是提高教师心理健康水平、建设高质量教师队伍的必要工作。对教师职业倦怠成因的探究试图从强调个体适应机制“失灵”的心理学归因转向强调个体与环境相互建构的生态学发展。本研究基于生态系统理论统筹分析了空间维度内关键环境要素对教师职业倦怠的影响,勾勒出教师空间环境系统之间叠加积累、调节抵消的关系;纳入“时间”维度,刻画出教师在社会时间及历史时间内职业倦怠变化的规律;纳入“群体-个体”维度,揭示个体职业倦怠自下而上汇聚融合和群体心理自上而下扩散的双向建构过程。未来对于教师职业倦怠采取预防及化解措施时,应当提供全系统的外部支持,注重系统合力;把握职业倦怠变化规律,建立心理危机预判机制;觉察个体情绪状态,疏导群体负性心态。
Prevention and intervention of teacher burnout help improve teachers’ mental health, retain teachers and cultivate qualified teachers. The research on why teachers burnout has developed from the psychological perspective that emphasizes the maladaptive mechanism, to the ecological perspective that advocates the mutual construction of the individual and the environment.According to the ecological system theory, this study analyzes:(1) the influence of key elements in the different environmental systems, as well as the interactions between different systems, on teacher burnout(the spatial dimension);(2) how levels of job burnout fluctuate in different periods of individual development and different phases of social development(the time dimension);(3)a two-way construction, i.e., the bottom-up convergence of individual burnout and top-down diffusion of group psychology(the "group-individual" dimension). As to the prevention and intervention of teacher burnout in the future, the present study suggests synergizing different systems, and providing external supports;understanding the fluctuation of job burnout, and establishing a psychological crisis prediction model;and the early identification and intervention of teachers’ negative emotions.
作者
高昕
魏峰
周晓璐
GAO Xin;WEI Feng;ZHOU Xiaolu(College of Education.Shanghai Normal University;School of Humanities Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234)
出处
《教育发展研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第2期44-51,共8页
Research in Educational Development
基金
国家社会科学基金“十三五”规划2017年度教育学国家一般课题“中国现代化进程中乡村教育变迁的口述史(1976-2017)”(BFA170057)的部分成果。
关键词
教师职业倦怠
生态系统理论
干预
teacher burnout
ecological perspective
prevention
