性别·民族与革命:女红军长征时期在四川筹粮活动的历史考察被引量：1

Gender, Nationality and Revolution:A Historical Investigation of the Food-Raising Activities of the Female Red Army in Sichuan During the Long March

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摘要红一、红二、红四方面军进入四川少数民族地区之后,因自然条件恶劣、国民党反动派恶意宣传等因素,使得生存问题日益严重,尤其是产生了严重的粮食危机。在此情势之下,长征时期主要担负后勤任务的女红军,在筹粮活动中展演出女性的细心、灵巧、坚韧等优良品质,为长征最终胜利提供了重要保障。进言之,女红军不遗余力的筹粮得益于深层革命力量助推,即一方面中国共产党帮助女红军摆脱了童养媳的底层境遇,告别性别桎梏的她们在长征途中彰显出绝对服从、绝对执行的军人气质。另一方面,女红军全力筹粮,与底层少数民族人民解放休戚相关,通过设置基层筹粮委员会,少数民族地区阶级关系、政权建设渐次得以产生新的塑形。性别与民族交相辉映的革命浪潮,勾勒出1930年代中国乡村妇女革命动因的多重历史图景。 After the Red Army’s First, Second and Fourth Front entered the minority areas in Sichuan, the survival problems became more and more obvious, especially the serious food crisis, because of the bad natural conditions and the vicious propaganda of the reactionaries of the Kuomintang. In this situation, the female Red Army, which was mainly responsible for logistics during the Long March period, displayed the fine qualities of women such as carefulness, dexterity and tenacity in the food-raising activities, laying an important foundation for the final victory of the Long March. Furthermore, the women’s Red Army’s unsparing efforts to raise food benefited from the help of deep-seated Revolutionary Forces. On the one hand, the Chinese Communist Party helped the women’s Red Army get rid of the situation of child brides at the bottom. They left the gender shackles in the Long March to show absolute obedience, absolute implementation of the military temperament.On the other hand, the full efforts of the women’s Red Army to raise food were closely related to the liberation of ethnic minorities at the bottom. Through the establishment of grass-roots food-raising committees, the class relations and the construction of the political power in the ethnic minority areas were gradually produced reshaped. The revolutionary tide of gender and nationality has drawn up a multi-historical picture of the revolutionary causes of Chinese rural women in the 1930s.

作者汤锐 Tang Rui(Marxist College,Qufu Normal University,Rizhao,China;Postdoctoral Research Workstation of Sichuan Academy of Social Sciences,Sichuan University Postdoctoral Research Station,Chengdu,China)

机构地区曲阜师范大学马克思主义学院四川省社会科学院博士后科研工作站、四川大学博士后科研流动站

出处《社会科学论坛》 2023年第1期73-84,共12页 Tribune of Social Sciences

基金山东省社会科学规划青年项目阶段性成果,项目编号:16DDJJ01 中国博士后科学基金第70批面上资助阶段性成果,资助编号:2021MD703862。

关键词女红军四川筹粮性别 female Red Army Sichuan raising grain gender

分类号 K02 [历史地理—历史学]

作者简介汤锐,史学博士,曲阜师范大学副教授,四川省社科院、四川大学联合培养博士后,主要从事中共党史、中国近现代文化史研究。