摘要
G.K.Batchelor是20世纪国际流体力学大师,在均匀湍流理论和低雷诺数微流体力学领域做出了开创性的贡献,他对流动追求物理和定量性理解的思想影响了近百年流体力学的发展,是流体力学顶级期刊Journal of Fluid Mechanics的创刊人,也是剑桥大学应用数学与理论物理系(DAMTP)的创建者,培养并影响了一大批在流体动力学理论、实验流体力学、湍流及稳定性、环境流体力学、多相流体力学、磁流体力学、微纳米尺度流体动力学等诸多领域建树卓越的学者.本文以G.K.Batchelor诞辰100周年纪念活动为契机,简要回顾了流体力学近300年的发展历程.概述了流体力学发展历经的以数学和物理为基础建立理论框架的经典流体力学、以应用需求为导向促使自身跨越发展的近代流体力学和以学科融合为特点外延丰富的现代流体力学三个重要阶段;以师承关系、代表性学者及其主要学术贡献为线索,总结了现代流体力学四大学派的形成及其近百年的传承沿革;以历史和发展的视角浅谈当代流体力学发展的动力和趋势,并以风沙环境力学为例,简述流体力学为分支学科发展提供的支撑和引领作用,分支学科的需求为流体力学内生发展提供驱动力的螺旋生长关系;最后是对未来流体力学发展进步和创新的展望.
G.K.Batchelor is one of the giants of fluid mechanics in the in the twentieth century.He had made pioneering contributions in the field of homogeneous turbulence theory and low Reynolds number micro-fluid mechanics.He is the founder of Journal of Fluid Mechanics,one of the top journal in the field of fluid mechanics,and the department of applied mathematics and theoretical physics(DAMTP),whose spirit of pursuing physical and quantitative understanding of fluid flows has impressed the development of fluid mechanics in recent 100 years.He has cultivated and influenced a large number of scholars who have made outstanding achievements in numerous subjects of fluid mechanics,including turbulence theory,experimental fluid mechanics,turbulence stability,environmental fluid mechanics,multiphase fluid mechanics,magneto-hydrodynamics,micro-and nano-scale fluid mechanics,etc.Taking the G.K.Batchelor centennial event as an opportunity,this paper briefly reviews the evolution history of fluid mechanics in the past 300 years,including the three important stages of fluid mechanics:classical stage based on solid mathematics and physics foundation,the modern stage driven by application demands,and the contemporary stage characterized by discipline intersection and integration.Special concerns are concentrated on the formation,merging and inheritance of the distinct styles of the four schools in the modern stage of fluid mechanics in the past hundred years from the perspective of outstanding scholars and their key contributions to the discipline.The driving force and trend of the development of contemporary fluid mechanics are discussed taking wind-blown sand environmental mechanics as an example.It shows that fluid mechanics provides the basis for the development of branch disciplines,while the demands of branch disciplines drives the endogenous development of fluid mechanics which forms a spiral growth relationship.Finally,the progress spectrum and innovation trends of fluid mechanics in the future are revealed and discussed.
作者
朱伟
王国华
Zhu Wei;Wang Guohua(Center for Particle-Laden Turbulence,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China)
出处
《力学学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第1期24-37,共14页
Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(92052202)。
作者简介
通讯作者:王国华,副教授,主要研究方向为环境流体力学、高雷诺数气固两相流.E-mail:ghwang@lzu.edu.cn。
