摘要
目的:了解东莞市中小学生疫情复学后的心理健康状况,并针对具体的心理问题提出相应的应对策略。方法:运用心理健康诊断测验(MHT)量表于2020年5月27日-7月1日对东莞市62所学校的5338名中小学生的心理健康状况进行问卷调查。结果:东莞市中小学生的心理障碍检出率为7.0%。女生在学习焦虑、对人焦虑、自责倾向、过敏倾向、身体症状、恐怖倾向、冲动倾向及量表总分的得分上均高于男生(t=-8.57,-7.88,-9.68,-7.45,-5.81,-13.30,-7.02,-10.43;P<0.001);民办学校的学生在孤独倾向、自责倾向、过敏倾向、身体症状及恐怖倾向的得分上显著高于公办学校的学生(t=-2.31,-3.67,-2.83,-2.82,-2.81;P<0.05);除了恐怖倾向的得分低于小学学段的学生外,其他因子及量表总分得分均高于小学学段学生;不同年级的学生在学习焦虑、对人焦虑、自责倾向、过敏倾向、身体症状、恐怖倾向、冲动倾向及量表总分的得分上均有差异(F=17.80,17.52,8.80,8.65,6.21,9.55,9.60,10.33;P<0.001)。中小学生冲动倾向的心理问题与学习焦虑、对人焦虑、孤独倾向、自责倾向、过敏倾向、身体症状以及恐怖倾向均存在正相关(r=0.46,0.53,0.48,0.42,0.55,0.66,0.47;P<0.05)。结论:东莞市中小学生复学后的心理健康状况不容乐观,进一步加大中小学生的心理健康促进工作势在必行。
Objective:To investigate the mental health status of primary and secondary students in Dongguan after ending the long-term home isolation and put forward corresponding coping strategies for specific psychological problems.Methods:By using convenience sampling method,5338 primary and secondary students from 62 schools in Dongguan were investigated with the mental health diagnostic test(MHT)scale from May 27,2020 to July 1,2020.Results:The detection rate of mental disorders was 7.0% in primary and secondary school students in Dongguan.Female students scored higher than male students in learning anxiety,anxiety towards people,self-blame tendency,allergic tendency,physical symptoms,terror tendency,impulse tendency and total score of the scale(t=-8.57,-7.88,-9.68,-7.45,-5.81,-13.30,-7.02,-10.43;P<0.001).The scores of students in private schools were significantly higher than those in public schools in loneliness tendency,self-blame tendency,allergy tendency,physical symptoms and terror tendency(t=-2.31,3.67,-2.83,-2.82,-2.81;P<0.05).The scores of other mental problems and the total score of the scale in middle school students were higher than those of primary school students except for the terror tendency mental problem(P<0.05).The sores of learning anxiety,anxiety towards people,self-blame tendency,allergic tendency,physical symptoms,terror tendency,impulse tendency and scale total score were quite different in different grades(F=17.80,17.52,8.80,8.65,6.21,9.55,9.60,10.33;P<0.001).There were a positive correlation between the psychological problems of impulsive tendency and learning anxiety,anxiety towards people,loneliness tendency,self-blame tendency,allergy tendency,physical symptoms and terror tendency(r=0.46,0.53,0.48,0.42,0.55,0.66,0.47;P<0.05).Conclusion:The mental health status of primary and secondary school students in Dongguan is not optimistic.It is imperative to further enhance the mental health promotion of primary and secondary school students.
作者
康琳琳
卢小焕
卢柳霞
师清莲
梁换仪
黄淑娴
利丽仪
钟月明
陈慧
KANG Linlin;LU Xiaohuan;LU Liuxia(Institute for Hospital Management,Tsinghua University,Shenzhen 518052,China)
出处
《中国健康心理学杂志》
北大核心
2021年第3期381-387,共7页
China Journal of Health Psychology
基金
2020年东莞市社会组织发展扶持专项资金项目(编号:14)。
关键词
中小学生
心理健康
应对策略
心理健康诊断测验
Primary and secondary school students
Mental health
Coping strategies
Mental health diagnosis test
作者简介
康琳琳,E-mail:kang97425@163.com;通信作者:陈慧,E-mail:515858296@qq.com。
