摘要
当前,人工智能技术成为继蒸汽机、电力、信息技术之后,推动社会再次发生变革的重大力量。人工智能机器与传统机器有明显的不同,这种不同,使人工智能技术的应用在极大节省人力成本的同时,一般科学劳动对雇佣劳动的大规模替代或将导致大规模失业的出现,资本可能会由剥削剩余价值向剥夺工人的劳动权利转化。但这一替代过程并非一蹴而就,除了存在成本与技术的风险,更重要地,越来越廉价的相对过剩人口在一定时间内也会对新技术的普及产生阻力,造成技术传播的曲折性。这是一个人机"较量"的"动态均衡"过程。这种"动态均衡"过程也将倒逼落后的体制和生产关系发生变革,直至生产关系适应新的生产力发展。全球产业结构也将在这一过程中发生重大调整。
At present, artificial intelligence technology has become a major force to promote social change after steam engine, electric power and information technology. There are obvious differences between artificial intelligence machines and traditional machines, and these differences, while making the application of artificial intelligence technology greatly save labor costs, result in a large-scale substitution of general scientific labor for employed labor, which may lead to the emergence of large-scale unemployment, and so capital may be transformed from exploiting surplus value to depriving workers of their labour rights. But this substitution process is not achieved overnight. In addition to the risks of cost and technology, the increasingly cheaper relative surplus population will produce a resistance to the popularization of new technology in a certain period of time, resulting in the tortuousness of technology dissemination, and this is a "dynamic equilibrium" process of man-machine "contest", which will in turn force the backward systems and production relations to change until the production relations adapt to new productivity development. And during this process the global industrial structure will also undergo major adjustments.
作者
张新春
ZHANG Xinchun(School of Economics,Shandong University of Economics and Finance,Jinan 250014,China)
出处
《山东财经大学学报》
2019年第6期64-72,共9页
Journal of Shandong University of Finance and Economics
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目“人工智能技术对收入分配影响研究”(18CJL042)
关键词
人工智能技术
雇佣劳动
劳动替代
劳动权利
动态均衡
artificial intelligence technology
employment labor
labor substitution
labor right
dynamic equilibrium
作者简介
张新春,女,山东日照人,博士,山东财经大学经济学院讲师,研究方向:政治经济学原理创新、人工智能与高质量发展。
