摘要
目的了解天津市饮水型氟中毒病区儿童氟斑牙患病现状,评估当地水氟健康风险,为防治饮水型氟中毒提供科学依据。方法在全市全部涉农区随机抽取1/3的乡镇开展氟斑牙和水氟调查,按照《氟斑牙诊断》(WS/T 208-2011)检查8~12周岁儿童氟斑牙患病情况,氟离子选择电极法检测水氟含量,应用美国环境保护局(USEPA)推荐的健康风险评价方法进行评价。结果共调查全市1 250个饮水型氟中毒病区村64 671名8~12周岁儿童,儿童氟斑牙患病率为39.27%。XQ区的氟斑牙患病率最低(8.70%),BC区的氟斑牙患病率最高(76.35%)。随着水氟的增加,儿童氟斑牙患病率升高。不同地区的氟年健康风险不同,JN区的氟年健康风险最低(0.58×10^(-9)/a),JH区的氟年健康风险最高(12.64×10^(-9)/a)。地下水的氟年健康风险高于江河水和桶装水。儿童的氟平均年健康风险较成年人高。结论天津市改水降氟防治饮水型氟中毒颇有成效,水氟健康风险总体较低,但个别地区仍然受到饮水中高氟的危害。
Objective To investigate the current situation of children dental fluorosis,assess the health risk of water fluoride,and to provide scientific basis for prevention of drinking water endemic fluorosis. Methods Children dental fluorosis and water fluoride were investigated in 1/3 villages and towns in Tianjin all rural area. Dental fluorosis for children aged 8 to 12 years was checked by Diagnosis of dental fluorosis（ WS/T 208-2011）. Fluoride ion selective electrode method was used for water fluoride content. Health risk assessment was performed based on the method recommended by USEPA. Results A total of 1 250 villages with drinking water endemic fluorosis and 64 671 children aged 8 to 12 were investigated. The prevalence rate of dental fluorosis was 39. 27%. The lowest prevalence rate of dental fluorosis was in XQ District（ 8. 70%）,while that in BC district highest（ 76. 35%）. Dental fluorosis rate increased with the increase of water fluoride. The annual health risk of fluoride was different in different regions. The lowest fluoride annual health risk was in JN District（ 0. 58 ×10^-9/a）,while that in JH district highest（ 12. 64 ×10^-9/a）. The fluoride annual health risk of ground water was higher than that of river water and barreled water. The average annual health risk of fluorine in children was higher than that of adults. Conclusion Defluoridation prevention of fluorosis is quite effective in Tianjin. The annual health risk of water fluoride is generally low. However some areas are still affected by high drinking water fluoride.
作者
刘忠慧
王洋
李文凤
崔玉山
侯常春
LIU Zhonghui;WANG Yang;LI Wenfeng;CUI Yushan;HOU Changchun(Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Tianjin 300011,China)
出处
《公共卫生与预防医学》
2018年第3期22-25,共4页
Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine
基金
天津市疾病预防控制中心科技基金(CDCKY1501)
关键词
健康风险评价
水
地方性氟中毒
牙
Health risk assessment
Drinking water
Fluorosis
Dental
作者简介
刘忠慧，硕士研究生，主管医师，主要从事地方病预防与控制工作;通信作者：侯常春，Email：13323361505@163．com
