摘要
中国的农村土地在新中国成立以来的制度安排上长期存在着效率优先于公平的价值取向。以"两权分离"为代表的既往农地法律制度建构,着重"分"而忽略"统",在发展中与宪法预设的轨道出现了偏差。在此背景下,旨在回应现实需求、推进农地流转的"三权分置"改革应时而出。"三权分置"的制度设计中,其最重要的核心功能是将原来并不具有经济属性的农地承包权价值化,将具有强烈身份色彩的农地承包权转化为个体所占有集体所有权份额的权利。农地"三权分置"的试点实践中,出现了诸多现实难题。未来的制度设计中,应警惕"日本陷阱",在宪法和法律框架内落实土地集体所有权,在法律、法规以及实施办法上进一步做出细化,健全农村土地产权制度,以化解"三权分置"在现实实践中所遭遇的诸多难题。
China＇s rural land has long been the value orientation of efficiency priority to fairness since the founding of the people＇s Republic of china.The construction of the former rural farmland legal system represented by the separation of the two rights focuses on＂separation＂while ignores＂unity＂.In the process of development,there is a deviation from the preset track of the constitution.Under this background,the reform of＂Three Rights Separation＂should be carried out in order to respond to the real needs and promote the circulation of farmland.In the system design of＂Three Rights Separation＂,the most important core function is to value the farmland contract right which has no economic attribute,and change the contractual right of farmland with strong identity into the right of individual possession of collective ownership.There are many realistic problems in the pilot practice of＂three rights division＂of agricultural land.On the system design in the future,we should be wary of Japan＂trap＂,detailed laws and regulations and implementation measures,make further refinement in the laws and regulations and implementation measures,improve the rural land property rights system.Finally,we should resolve many problems encountered in the practice of＂Three Rights Division＂.
作者
张富利
ZHANG Fuli(School of law, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, Chin)
出处
《西北农林科技大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第4期1-11,共11页
Journal of Northwest A&F University(Social Science Edition)
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目(14ZDA064)
中央高校基本科研业务费科研专项(106112016CDJXY010008)
关键词
两权分离
三权分置
法理解读
权能构造
separation of the two rights
separation of the three rights
legal interpretation
power structure
作者简介
张富利（1980-），男，复旦大学法学院博士后，福建农林大学文法学院副教授，硕士生导师，主要研究方向为理论法学、农村法治。
