摘要
The interest shown by some community of researchers to autonomous drones or UAVs （unmanned aerial vehicles） has increased with the advent of wireless communication networks. These networks allow UAVs to cooperate more efficiently in an ad hoc manner in order to achieve specific tasks in specific environments. To do so, each drone navigates autonomously while staying connected with other nodes in its group via radio links. This connectivity can deliberately be maintained for a while constraining the mobility of the drones. This will be suitable for the drones involved in a given path of a given transmission between a source and a destination. This constraint could be removed at the end of the transmission process and the mobility of each concerned drone becomes again independent from the others. In this work, we proposed a flocking-based routing protocol for UAVs called BR-AODV. The protocol takes advantage of a well known ad hoc routing protocol for on-demand route computation, and the Boids of Reynolds mechanism for connectivity and route maintaining while data is being transmitted. Moreover, an automatic ground base stations discovery mechanism has been introduced for a proactive drones and ground networks association needed for the context of real-time applications. The performance of BR-AODV was evaluated and compared with that of classical AODV routing protocol and the results show that BR-AODV outperforms AODV in terms of delay, throughput and packet loss.
The interest shown by some community of researchers to autonomous drones or UAVs （unmanned aerial vehicles） has increased with the advent of wireless communication networks. These networks allow UAVs to cooperate more efficiently in an ad hoc manner in order to achieve specific tasks in specific environments. To do so, each drone navigates autonomously while staying connected with other nodes in its group via radio links. This connectivity can deliberately be maintained for a while constraining the mobility of the drones. This will be suitable for the drones involved in a given path of a given transmission between a source and a destination. This constraint could be removed at the end of the transmission process and the mobility of each concerned drone becomes again independent from the others. In this work, we proposed a flocking-based routing protocol for UAVs called BR-AODV. The protocol takes advantage of a well known ad hoc routing protocol for on-demand route computation, and the Boids of Reynolds mechanism for connectivity and route maintaining while data is being transmitted. Moreover, an automatic ground base stations discovery mechanism has been introduced for a proactive drones and ground networks association needed for the context of real-time applications. The performance of BR-AODV was evaluated and compared with that of classical AODV routing protocol and the results show that BR-AODV outperforms AODV in terms of delay, throughput and packet loss.
作者简介
E-mail： houda.bahloul@univ-batna2.dz, Nour El Houda Bahloul received her M.Sc. degree in computer science from the University of Batna 2, Batna, in 2013. She is currently working towards her Ph.D. degree in computer science jointly at University of Batna 2 and University of Paris 13. Her research interests include wireless vehicular ad hoc network, wireless sensor network, and parallel and distributed protocols.;E-mail： boudjit@univ-paris13.fr, Saadi Boudjit gree in computer received his Ph.D. descience from the National Institute for Research in Com- puter Science and Control （INRIA Paris） in 2006 and was a research fellow with Telecom ParisTech （2006~2007）. He is currently an associate professor and a member of the L2TI Laboratory at the University of Paris 13 （since 2007）, Villetaneuse. Dr. Boudjit is the initiator and chair of ACM MobileHealth Workshop which aims at providing a forum for the interaction of multiple areas related to pervasive wireless healtheare systems. He also acted and still acts as TPC member of several IFIP, ACM and IEEE conferences and workshops （HealthCom, MobileHealth, ICC, Globecom, CAMAD, WCNC, WONS, Wireless Days, etc）. His research interests include wireless networks, parallel and distributed computing, protocols and architecture design in mobile ad hoe networks, wireless sensor networks, vehicular ad hoc networks, and protocols and architecture design for eHealth systems.;E-mail： marwen.abdennebi@univ-paris13.fr, Marwen Abdennebi received his M.Sc. engineering degree in telecom- munications from SupCom, University of Carthage, Tunisia, in 2002, and his Ph.D. degree in computer science in 2008 from the University of Versailles, France. He worked as an application engineer at STMicroelectronics and later as an associate researcher at the CNRS PRISM Laboratory. He is currently an associate professor （since 2010） at the University of Paris Nord （France） and researcher in the L2TI Laboratory, Villetaneuse. His research interests are in broadband radio MAC/PHY, B3G networks, LTE/LTE-A, particularly in traffic modelling and mobility management in radio networks. He has published many papers in international journals and conferences. They include some proposals on enhancing radio MAC interface for voice and video support, for dynamic spectrum sharing, proposals for mobility management in mesh and ad hoe networks, and scheduling policies improvement in LTE/LTE-A networks and Satellite. Marwen Abdennebi is also a lecturer at SupGalilee Engineering School, and he is the responsible for radio and communications academic program.;E-mail： de.boubiche@univ-batna2.dz, Djallel Eddine Boubiche received his HDR diploma （habilitation to conduct research） in 2015 from Batna 2 University, Batna, and his Ph.D. degree in computer science from UHLB University, Algeria, in 2013. He is currently an associate professor at the Computer Sciences Department of University of Batna 2, Algeria. He is also a member of the LaSTIC Laboratory and the scientific committee in the Computer Sciences Department of 13atna 2. His research interests include wireless communication, embedded systems, intelligent multi-agent systems, distributed computing and sensor networks. Dr. Boubiche＇s research has been published in various renowned international journals and conferences. He frequently serves as a program committee member, a program chair, a general chair and co-chair of international conferences and tracks. Dr. Boubiche is the guest editor of several special issues organized in international indexed journals （International Journal of Computational Science and Engineering, International Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing, and IEEE Communications Magazine）.
