摘要
荀子一生可分为居赵(前期)、游齐(中期)、退居兰陵(晚期)三个阶段,其人性论思想经历了一个发展变化的过程,《荀子》各篇是在不同时期完成的,记录的是荀子不同时期的看法。其中《礼论》《正名》《性恶》是荀子中期的作品,其特点是提出了性-伪说,不再将知视为性,而是提出了伪,以伪来统一能知和所知,但在认识上又有一个发展过程。《礼论》提出了性朴说,但从语境上看,其性主要是指吉凶忧愉之情以及对亲人的爱,而其所谓伪主要指礼义之节文;《正名》通过对性、伪的两重定义,明确了性、伪的内涵,标志着荀子性-伪说的成熟;《性恶》则利用性-伪说对人性做了探讨和分析,提出了性恶善伪说。
Xun Zi＇s early writings, Make the State Wealthy and Honor or Disgrace, proposes a theory of emotion and intellect, and believes that yielding to emotion would result in rivalry and disorder, while human intellect could make selection and judgment. These ideas set a basic dimension of Xun Zi＇s theory of human nature, but they are imperfect in naming human nature for emotion and intellect, also the born ability of cognition （namely, knowing） and learned result of knowing （namely, known）. His Theory of Ritual, Correcting Meanings, and Evil Facade of Human Nature propose a theory of pseudo-nature, which no longer takes knowledge as human nature and, on the contrary, puts up a concept of pseudo-nature to unify knowing and known with a process of epistemological development. Theory of Ritual proposes a theory of naive-nature and, in its context, refers chiefly to emotion for good luck, ill luck, worry and joy, as well as love for one＇s kith and kin. It＇s pseudo-nature refers to a simple saying of rituals. Correcting Meanings explicitly defines nature and pseudo through a dual definition, which marks the maturity of Xun Zi＇s pseudo-nature theory. Evil Fafade of Human Nature probes and analyzes human nature by pseudo- nature theory and proposes his famous theory of evil human nature pretending good.
出处
《学术月刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第4期28-41,共14页
Academic Monthly
基金
中国人民大学明德学者支持计划"新出土文献与早期儒学"(10XNJ028)前期成果
关键词
情性
知性
能知
所知
朴伪
emotion
intellect
knowing
known
pseudo-naive
作者简介
梁涛，中国人民大学国学院、出土文献与中国古代文明研究协同创新中心教授（北京100872）。
