摘要
引进国外先进技术是许多后进经济实现技术追赶与创新增长的重要渠道。然而,国外的创新成果对本土技术创新增长既有互补效应又有替代效应,哪一种效应占优取决于技术吸收能力,由于吸收能力的不同,国外技术引进对本土创新增长呈现不同的效应。本文利用面板门槛回归方法,从异质吸收能力的视角,考察了各省份大中型工业企业的国外技术引进对其新产品创新增长的非线性影响和创新追赶效应。研究发现:1存在创新追赶效应,初始新产品创新水平越低的地区后来的创新增长越快;2自主创新投入对新产品创新增长有显著的正效应,国内技术购买对新产品创新增长没有显著的影响;3国外技术引进对于新产品创新增长存在显著的异质吸收能力单门槛效应:无论从初始技术水平、消化吸收支出还是从技术改造支出衡量的吸收能力看,在那些吸收能力低于门槛水平的地区,引进国外技术对于创新增长都具有显著的负效应,对本土创新呈现"创新替代"而非"创新互补"效应。因此,应当培育多层次的技术吸收能力,构建促进国外创新到本土创新转换的激励机制和联动机制,并推行差别化的创新发展政策,落后地区应首先加强吸收能力积累,发达地区则侧重加强基础研究和核心技术创新。
Importing advanced foreign technologies presents an important channel for many late-developed regions to achieve technological catch-up and the growth of innovation. However, there are both complementary and substitution effects of foreign innovation on the growth of local innovation, which effect dominates depends on the absorptive capacity. Foreign technology import leads to different outcomes in regions with different absorptive capacity. Based on the threshold effects of heterogeneous absorptive capacity, this paper explores the nonlinear impact of foreign technology import by large and medium size enterprises across provinces on the growth of technological innovation. There are three main conclusions. First, the results confirm the effects of catch-up in innovation： those regions with lower initial level of innovation show faster growth of innovation. Second, expenditures in proprietary innovation has significant positive effects on the growth of innovation, whereas the purchase of domestic technologies does not. Third, foreign technology import has significant threshold effects of absorptive capacity on the growth of innovation. In regions with absorptive capacity below the threshold value, whether in the measure of initial technology level, absorptive expenditures or renovation expenditures, foreign technology import shows significant negative effects on the growth of innovation, indicating that it is not accelerating but substituting local innovation. Therefore, it is time to cultivate absorptive capacity and to construct the incentive and linkage mechanisms for the conversion of foreign innovation to local innovation. Our study calls for differentiated policies of innovation that induces backward regions to accumulate absorptive capacity and advanced regions to focus on basic research and development of core innovation.
出处
《中国工业经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第9期75-92,共18页
China Industrial Economics
基金
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“后发展经济学理论研究”(批准号14JJD790009)
国家社会科学基金青年项目“基于地区差异的追赶绩效理论模型与经验分析研究”(批准号12CJL037)
关键词
技术引进
创新增长
追赶效应
吸收能力门槛
technology import
growth of innovation
catching-up effect
threshold of absorptive capacity
作者简介
肖利平（1977～），女，湖北汉川人，武汉大学经济发展研究中心、武汉大学经济与管理学院副教授．经济学博士；通讯作者：肖利平，电子邮箱：lilyshow@sina．com。
谢丹阳（1964-），男，安徽祁门人，武汉大学经济发展研究中心教授，武汉大学经济与管理学院院长，香港科技大学工商管理学院教授，教育部长江学者。
