摘要
20世纪60年代以来,西安、扬州等地出土了一些唐代真珠作为配饰的首饰和佛教用品。唐代真珠目前是学术界研究的薄弱环节,表现在对传世文献挖掘不够和研究深度、广度有限。笔者利用考古发现和传世文献,对唐代真珠的来源、社会应用、特质和文化寓意等问题进行探讨。研究表明,唐代域内真珠主要产于岭南等地,域外真珠则通过朝贡和广州对外贸易等方式输入,在长安、洛阳、扬州等大城市销售。真珠与唐人生活密切相关,应用于世俗社会和佛教界。在世俗社会,真珠用于制作家居用品、服装、首饰;在佛教界,真珠常用于制作佛像、璎珞、幡幢、香炉、宝函等物品。真珠以其独有的高贵气质和辟邪的社会功能,成为唐代上层社会中皇室成员、高级官僚等群体使用的奢侈品,是他们身份和地位的象征。
Since the 1960s, Tang dynasty costumes, accessories and Buddhist objects decorated with pearls have been excavated in Chang＇an, Yangzhou, Gansu and other places. However, pearls of Tang dynasty has not been a popular research topic and few researches have been done about existent historical documents, either intensively or extensively. The current author relies on archaeological findings and historical documents to explore the origins, use, properties and cultural implications of Tang dynasty pearls. It is found out that during the Tang dynasty, the Lingnan region was indigenous to domestic pearls; through foreign tributes and trade in Guangzhou, imported pearls were available in markets in big cities such as Chang＇an, Luoyang and Yangzhou; peals were in wide use in everyday life and in Buddhist practices. In secular life, they were used to decorate household objects, costumes or jewelry; in religious practices, they were added to sculpture of Buddha or bodhisattva, jewelled necklaces, banners, incense burners, reliquaries, etc. Admiring their elegance and special function of guarding against evil spirits, the royal house and high ranking government officials, as part of the Tang upper class regarded pearls as luxury objects denoting social status.
出处
《中国国家博物馆馆刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第4期98-108,共11页
Journal of National Museum of China
关键词
唐代
真珠
佛教
装饰品
Tang dynasty
Pearl
Buddhism
Adornment
