摘要
以廉价易得的农作物废弃物——玉米芯为原料,采用磷酸活化法制备玉米芯基活性炭,用碘值探索活性炭的最佳制备工艺,并通过热分析、傅里叶一红外光谱、X射线衍射、N_2吸附等温线和扫描电子显微镜对制备的玉米芯基活性炭的结构特征和表面的组成性质等进行了一系列表征。结果表明:选用70%的磷酸,0.6的浸渍比(磷酸和玉米芯原料的质量比)浸渍后,500℃下活化0.5 h制备的玉米芯基活性炭的比表面积为936 m^2/g,总孔容量为0.4938 cm^3/g,平均孔径为2.1 nm,其表面含有羟类、羧酸基和内酯基等多种含氧类的官能团和含磷官能团,且表面呈网状结构,并有大量的孔道,是一种无定形的活性炭。
Activated carbon has a highly developed pore structure and huge specific surface area. Thus, it shows adsorption ability, good chemical stability, high mechanical strength, easy regeneration failure after use and other characteristics. It is a kind of great potential carbon adsorbent material. In this paper, the waste corncob crop, which is cheap and easy to get, was used as raw materials for the preparation of activated carbon using phosphoric acid activation method. The optimal conditions were investigated by iodine value. Thermogravimetric analysis, Infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR）, X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption isotherms and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the charcoal physical structure and surface chemistry characterization. The surface area, total pore volume and average pore size of the AC was 936 m^2/g, 0.4938 cm^3/g and 2.1 nm, respectively, produced at phosphoric acid concentration of 70%, the weight ratio of H3PO4/corncob （ impregnation ratio） 0.6 and 500 ℃ for 0.5 h. It contains a variety of oxygen-containing surface hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, lactone group and a functional group such as a carbonyl group and phosphorus-containing functional groups, and it has a surface reticular structure, and holds a large number of channels. Corncob-based activated carbon is an amorphous active carbon.
出处
《炭素技术》
CAS
北大核心
2015年第6期32-36,共5页
Carbon Techniques
基金
河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(QN2014310)
作者简介
陈灵智女1980年出生，博士研究生，从事炭材料以及含碳化合物的研究开发。
