摘要
本文根据2000年和2010年人口普查汇总资料数据,借鉴经济学科中的区位商方法,从文化程度、健康状况、就业分布三个方面分析中国主要少数民族人口与汉族人口的差异及其在十年间的变动。同时,采用每万人大学生数、新生儿存活状况、第三产业就业分布三个指标构建少数民族人口素质发展指数。分析发现,少数民族人口素质发展指数在十年间有不同程度的变化,其中,蒙古族、藏族和壮族人口的素质发展指数略有提高,而回族和维吾尔族则有所下降。研究认为以提高少数民族人口高等教育水平为突破口,可以逐步改善少数民族人口就业的职业阶层分布,提高少数民族人口整体健康状况,最终促进中国少数民族与汉族的共同繁荣。
Based on the aggregate data of the 5th and 6th National Population Census in 2000 and 2010, this paper uses economic location quotient method to analyze the differences and its corresponding changes in the decade in educational attainment, heahh situation, and employment distribution between the ethnic groups and Han population. Meanwhile, we build a population quality development index on three indexes respectively measuring number of college students per ten thousand, neonatal survival status, and employ- ment in tertiary industry. The results indicate that population quality development index of major ethnic groups do not change significantly in ten years. The indexes of Mongolian, Tibetan and Zhuang increased slightly, while the indexes of Hui and Uygur declined. Accordingly, we conclude that our government should focus on improving the level of higher education of ethnic groups in order to accelerate the industrialization distribution and its transfer, to improve the health level of ethnic groups. Thus it may fundamentally promote the common prosperity and harmonious development of Chinese ethnic groups and Han population.
出处
《人口学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第6期13-21,共9页
Population Journal
基金
2013年度江苏省社会科学研究青年基金项目:江苏户籍制度改革研究(13SHC012)
关键词
少数民族
区位商
人口素质发展指数
Ethnic Groups, Location Quotient, Population Quality Development Index
作者简介
郭未（1979-），男，四川南充人，南京大学社会学院社会工作与社会政策系讲师。
