摘要
传统的政府主导型环境管理模式在解决农村内源性污染问题上存在诸多局限,埃莉诺奥斯特罗姆的自主治理理论为农村环境管理开辟了新路径。农村环境自主治理可作为一种新型农村环境管理模式,强调以农户为环境管理主体,具有监管成本低、信息完整、长效性等优势,其表现实体是农村环境自主治理组织。我国农村环境自主治理组织可划分为三种类型,即农村环保合作社、环保小组和纳入环保规则的村民自治组织,不同组织的制度安排不同。通过实践研究发现:我国农村环境自主治理组织能较好地解决农村生活垃圾等内源性污染问题;农村环境自主治理组织在解决农业生产污染上作用有限,需借助政府的力量通过界定利益分配边界来解决;农村环境自主治理组织的建立需要考虑当地环境政策背景以及经济发展水平。文章基于实践和理论研究,提出发展和完善农村环境自主治理模式的建议。
Traditional environmental management pattern that government is the main body has many limitations to solve rural endogenous pollution. Eleanor Ostrom＇s theory of self-governance provides a new way for rural environmental management. Based on her theory of self-governance, the meaning of self-governance of rural environment which emphasizes that farmers are main body of environmental management and its importance in solving rural endogenous pollution are theoretically analyzed. There are mainly three types of organizations in China： rural environmental cooperatives, environmental groups and villagers autonomous organizations practicing environmental rules, different types of organizations have different institutional arrangements. Empirical study shows that： self-governance organizations of rural environment in China have made some achievements in solving endogenous pollution problems, but their institutional design need to be optimized; self-governance organizations of rural environment don＇ t work well in solving agricultural production pollution, and the government are supposed to help solve the problem; when establishing self-governance organizations of the rural environmental, local environmental policy background and the level of local economic development need to be considered.
出处
《生态经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第11期166-169,193,共5页
Ecological Economy
关键词
农村环境
自主治理
制度设计
实践研究
内源性污染
rural environment
self-governance
institutional design
empirical study
endogenous pollution
作者简介
李丽丽（1989-），硕士，主要研究方向为环境规划与管理；李文秀，硕士，主要研究方向为环境规划与管理；
栾胜基（1951-），教授，博士生导师，主要研究领域为中国农村环境问题、环境质量评价及环境规划与管理。通讯作者：栾胜基
