对“文本”的扬弃:WTO条约解释方法的一种修正——以服务贸易具体承诺表的解释为分析起点被引量：15

The Abandonment of Text: a Correction of the Interpretation of WTO Treaty

导出

摘要 "文本主义"是WTO上诉机构所倚重的条约解释方法,这种"文本主义"的方法在适用于服务贸易具体承诺表的解释时,可能会产生增加WTO成员在《WTO协定》项下义务的负面效果。因此,服务贸易具体承诺表的解释中有必要引入单个缔约国意图的解释因素。此外,鉴于《WTO协定》文本并不完美,存在着"空白"之处,在特定情形中有必要引入《维也纳条约法公约》第31、32条规定之外的条约解释习惯规则,"遇有疑义,从宽解释"即为适例。 extualism is a method of treaty interpretation heavily relied on by the WTO Appellate Body. In the context of interpretation of service specific commitments, its application may lead to the negative result of adding to the obligations of WTO members provided in the WTO Agreement. Therefore, it is necessary to incorporate the element of intention of single contracting country into the interpretation of the service Specific Commitments. Furthermore, there are gaps in the imperfect text of WTO Agreement, which necessitates the adoption of custom rules of treaty interpretation beyond the provisions of article 31 and 32 of Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, such as in dubio mitius.

作者房东

机构地区厦门大学法学院

出处《法律科学（西北政法大学学报）》 CSSCI 北大核心 2011年第3期142-150,共9页 Science of Law：Journal of Northwest University of Political Science and Law

关键词上诉机构文本具体承诺表缔约国意图遇有疑义“从宽解释” appellate body text specific commitments intention of contracting countries in dubio mitius

分类号 DF961 [政治法律—国际法学]

作者简介房东（1976-），男，安徽庐山人，厦门大学法学院助理教授、法学博士。

引文网络
相关文献

参考文献44

1Ian Brownlie. Principles of Public International Law(4th ed. )[ M ], Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990.
2Dongsheng Zang. Textualism in GATT/WTO Jurisprudence: Lessons for the Constitutionalization Debate [ J ]. Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce , 2006, Vol. 33..
3James Bacchus. The Appeals of Trade : The Making of an Old GATr Hand [ M ]. Jan. 31, 2003.
4ILC Final Draft Articles and Commentary, in Sir Arthur Watts ed. The International Law Commission 1949 - 1998 ( Volume Ⅱ) : The Treaties[ R]. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.
5Claus - Dieter Ehlermann. Six Years on the Bench of the "World Trade Court" : Some Personal Experiences as Member of the Appellate Body of the World Trade Organization[J]. Journal of World Trade, 2002, Vol. 36.
6A. D. McNair. The Law of Treaties(2nd ed. ) [ M]. Gloucestershire: Clarendon Press, 1961.
7S. Rosenne. Developments in the Law of Treaties 1945 - 1986 [ M]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.
8ICJ Reports[R]. 1951.
9Joost Panwelyn. A Typology of Multilateral Treaty Obligations: Are WTO Obligations Bilateral or Collective in Nature? [ J ]. European Journal of International Law, 2003, Vol. 14.
10Quincy Wright. The Interpretation of Multilateral Treaties, American Journal of International Law, 1929, Vol. 23.

二级参考文献24

1United States - Measures Affecting the Cross-Border Supply of Gambling and Betting Services , WT/DS285.
2China - Measures Affecting Trading Rights and Distribution Services for Certain Publications and Audiovisual Entertainment Products, WT/DS363.
3United State Import Prohibition of Certain Shrimp and Shrimp Products,WT/DS58.
4Dispute Regarding Navigational and Related Rights(Costa Rica v. Nicaragua), International Court of Justice,Press Release, No. 2009/24.
5Japan - Taxes on Alcoholic Beverages, WT/DS8, WT/DS10, WT/DS11.
6WTO, Services sectoral Classification List, MTN. GNS/W/120.
7WTO, Multilateral Trade Restricted Negotiations, MTN. GNS/W/164.
8Markus Krajewski, Playing by the Rules of the Game? Specific Commitments after US-Gambling and Betting and the Current GATS Negotiations, L. I. E. I. 32(4), p. 423.
9Federico Ortino, Treaty Interpretation and the WTO Appellate Body Report in US-Gambling, 9 J. Int'l Econ. L. 117, pp. 122-146.
10Isabelle Van Damme, The Interpretation of Schedules of Commitments, J. World Trade 41(1), p. 21.