摘要
经济理论的基本假定一般是由对行为动机与行为模式的描述组成的。经济人假定对经济主体预设了单一的自利动机和最大化的行为模式,这种对行为动机的狭隘理解和对行为模式的机械设定严重抹杀了经济主体的个性特征,从而对很多经济行为的异质性无法作出解释和预测。行为经济学通过预设经济主体具有自利与利他的双重动机和多样化的行为模式,而较好地将行为的异质性纳入理论的适用范围。此外,由于单一的自利动机是双重行为动机的特例之一,而最大化的行为模式是多样化行为模式的极端形式,因此新古典理论也就以特例的形式被纳为行为经济学的"局部"理论。
Behavior motives and behavior patterns are two components of basic assumptions of economic theories. This paper tries to illustrate how behavioral economics modifies the neoclassical concept of Homo Economicus from the angles of above two components. We will argue that the assumptions of sole selfish motive and maximizing pattern exclude the personalities of people so that neoclassical economics fails to explain and predict the heterogeneity of economic behavior. On the other hand, behav- ioral economics hypothesizes that individuals have dual behavior motives which are selfishness and altruism and their behavior patterns are varied so that the heterogeneity of economic behavior can he ex- plained and predicted reasonably. In addition, sole selfish motive can be seen as an extreme form of dual behavior motives and maximizing pattern can be seen as an extreme form of multiple behavior patterns, as well that neoclassical economics can be seen as extreme form of behavioral economics.
出处
《学术月刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2009年第6期70-76,共7页
Academic Monthly
关键词
行为动机
行为模式
新古典经济学
行为经济学
behavior motive, behavior pattern, neoclassical economics, behavioral economics
作者简介
贺京同（1961-），男，北京市人，南开大学经济研究所教授、博士生导师，主要从事行为经济学研究。
那艺（1979-），男，黑龙江省哈尔滨市人，南开大学经济研究所博士研究生，主要从事行为经济学研究。
