摘要
本项研究利用了第二次全国基本单位普查数据 ( 2 0 0 1年 ) ,在全部工业产业的基础上 ,考察了最新的民营化发展的动态 ,考察 2 0多年来形成的改制面和所产生的相应绩效效果。按照现行的国家规定的企业产权注册的详细分类指标 ,我们得以将改制企业从一般公有企业或私有企业中加以分离 ,从而能够通过相应的实证模型 ,来检验不同所有权因素 ,尤其是改制形成的不同股权类型对于产业效率的影响及其程度。主要的发现如下 :( 1 )国有企业 (包括传统国有、国有独资企业 )对于效率具有明显的负作用 ,私营企业、股份企业和三资企业则都表现为积极的对于效率的正相关推动作用 ,其中 ,私营企业推动产业效率的作用最强 ,三资和股份合作企业其次 ,再次则是股份企业和集体企业。( 2 )对于改制企业的不同资本股权来说 ,个人资本普遍具有最显著的对于效率的正相关的积极效果 ,法人资本表现为显著性不稳定的正相关作用 ,集体资本表现出与效率不相关的结果 ,而国家资本则表现出十分显著的负相关的效果。 ( 3 )对于股份有限、有限责任和股份合作制企业这三种股份企业之间差异的分析表明 ,股份有限公司的规模效益作用明显小于股份合作制企业 ,这是较多的国有产权的消极作用抵销了规模效益的积极作用的结果。相对于股份有限公?
This paper has studied the newest development of privatization in China, including how much proportion of Gaizhi firms and their effects on performance, based on the whole industrial data from the Second State Census Data (2001). According to state classification for ownership registration, we could separate the most Gaizhi firms from general state firms or private firms,. Therefore, based on the production function model, we can identify the different effects on industrial efficiency by ownership types of the firms, especially by different Gaizhi patterns. The main findings are as following: (1) The State enterprises have the significant negative effects on efficiency, and private firms, share holding companies or foreign investment enterprises all have the significant positive effects on efficiency, in which private enterprises are most efficient, FIE enterprise are second ones, and limited liabilities or share\|holding companies are following. (2) For different share of Gaizhi enterprises, including Cooperative Share holding Company, Limited Liability or Share\|holding Company, the individual capital share have most significant active roles on efficiency, and state share show the significant negative impacts on performance. As for legal person share, it shown the unstable positive effects. And the collective capital is irrelevant to efficiency. (3) The analysis for three types of share holding enterprises shown, the scale efficiency of Share\|holding Company are clearly less than that of Cooperative Share holding Company. It is because the negative roles of state ownership offset the positive roles of scale. Compared to share\|holding Company, other two share holding enterprises' productivity from labor contributions are much more than that from capital contributions. It shown such enterprises after Gaizhi mainly depended on “labor push” or “human capital resources” to promote efficiency.
出处
《经济研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2004年第8期16-26,共11页
Economic Research Journal
基金
作者与国家统计局合作项目的研究成果
国家自然科学基金课题的阶段性成果之一
