摘要
在异质性企业贸易理论提出以后,生产率就被看作是决定企业出口的重要因素,只有生产率高的企业才有能力选择出口。不过对中国企业的经验研究发现,中国出口企业的生产率的均值要低于非出口企业,即存在"生产率悖论"。本文使用2007年中国制造业企业样本,运用两种方法,其一是计算比较生产率法,其二是运用统计方法检验出口企业与非出口企业的生产率差异。为了结论的准确性,我们分行业、分地区、分企业注册类型、分企业规模检验。最后检验出口企业的生产率与其出口规模的相关性。结论认为:出口企业生产率均值在大部分情况下低于非出口企业;出口企业的生产率在很多时候显著低于非出口企业或者与非出口企业无差异;出口企业的生产率与出口规模正相关,但是在控制其它可能影响出口的因素后,则变为负相关。这些都是中国出口企业存在"生产率悖论"的证据。
After the theory of heterogeneous enterprise trade has been put forward,productivity was considered to be an important factor of enterprise's export;only the enterprise with high productivity can export.However,empirical researches on enterprises in china have found that the average productivity of exporting enterprises is lower than non-exporting enterprises,in other words there are productivity paradox.We uses the sample of manufacturing enterprises in China in 2007 and two methods,one is to compare the productivity,and the other is using statistical methods to test the productivity differences between non-exporting enterprises and exporting enterprises.For the accuracy of the conclusions,we test by different sector,different regional,different types of business registration,and different scale of enterprise.Finally,we test the correlation of productivity of exporting enterprises and their export-scale.It concluded that in most cases the average productivity of exporting enterprises is lower than non-exporting enterprises;in many cases the productivity of exporting enterprises is significantly lower than non-exporting enterprises or have no difference with non-exporting enterprises;the productivity of exporting enterprises and export-scale are positive correlated,but In controlling other factors which may affect the export,the result turn to negative correlated.These are the evidence of the existence of productivity paradox in export enterprise in china.
出处
《南开经济研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第3期79-96,共18页
Nankai Economic Studies
基金
大连理工大学人才创新基金项目(3012-893322)
辽宁省社科联项目(2010lslktjjx-17)的资助
关键词
异质性企业
出口
生产率
Heterogeneity Enterprise
Export
Productivity
