摘要
如何通过政党引领实现基层社会的善治,是包括中国在内的多数政党主导型国家所面临的一个非常重要的共性问题。政党主导型国家的基层社会治理往往以政党为中心,其关键是在基层社会治理过程中发挥政党的领导和引领作用。政党主要通过三个维度来领导和引领基层社会:一是组织嵌入;二是价值引领;三是资源整合。新加坡、马来西亚和越南都是东南亚国家,而且都是政党主导型国家,但其政党领导和引领基层社会的做法各有特色。新加坡人民行动党以人民协会为组织载体,推行实用主义的文化价值,突出党员的社区服务;马来西亚政党间关系比政党基层组织更能够影响其基层社会治理过程,因为其在价值引领方面大力倡导"马来人优先"并以此进行资源分配;越南共产党基于精密的基层组织体系,以马克思主义和胡志明思想为价值引导,通过基层民主建设来提升基层治理水平。三个案例共同说明:一方面,由于本国的历史、基本国情和执政党起源方式不同,决定了这些国家的政党在领导和引领基层社会的治理模式上也各不相同;另一方面,各国政党在领导和引领基层治理上都会强调组织嵌入和资源整合维度,但价值引领也会发挥重要的辅助作用。
How to achieve good governance at the grassroots level through the leadership of political parties,which is not only the core proposition of China’s social governance and political construction but also the common problem faced by the party-dominant countries.The governance of such countries is often partycentered,and the key lies in the leading ability of political parties in the process of grassroots social governance.There are three dimensions of political parties leading the grassroots society:organizational embeddedness,value leading,and resource integration.The ways of political parties leading the grassroots society are diferent.Cross-country comparative study can provide a reference for grassroots governance of the party-dominant countries.Singapore,Malaysia,and Vietnam are all party-dominant countries in Southeast Asia.Among them,political parties leading grassroots society are of their own characteristics.The People’s Action Party of Singapore takes the People’s Association as the organization carrier,carries out the cultural guidance of pragmatism,and highlights the community service of Party members.The ruling coalition led by UMNO in Malaysia has relatively loose grassroots organizations,but advocates the value of"Malay supremacy"and allocates resources accordingly.Based on the precise grassroots organization system and guided by Marxism and Ho Chi Minh Thought,the Communist Party of Vietnam improves its level of grassroots governance through public empowerment.The above three cases just show that the core of Party-leading grassroots governance lies in the organizational embeddedness and resource integration,with value-leading playing an important auxiliary role.
作者
梁海森
桑玉成
Liang Haisen;Sang Yucheng
出处
《国际观察》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第3期130-156,共27页
International Review
基金
上海市哲学社会科学青年课题“全过程民主视域下基层民主的制度设计研究”(项目编号:2020EZZ004)
上海外国语大学青年教师科研创新团队项目“中外城市基层治理的实践与经验研究”的阶段性成果
关键词
政党引领
基层治理
组织嵌入
价值引领
资源整合
Leadership of Political Parties
Grassroots Governance
Organizational Embeddedness
Value Leading
Resource Integration
作者简介
梁海森,上海外国语大学国际关系与公共事务学院博士后,博士,上海,200083;桑玉成,复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院教授,博士,上海,200433
