摘要
目的调查某中心驻西北海拔3000 m以上高原地区官兵伙食水平及膳食营养状况,评估该地区部队官兵膳食营养状况和身体健康状况,为提升驻高原地区官兵科学营养膳食提供依据。方法采用生活观察法记录1天能量消耗,采取整群抽样方法对该中心4个单位共186名基层官兵进行伙食水平问卷调查,并对所属伙食单位采用记账法对11月份膳食进行营养状况调查。结果官兵的能量平均消耗均属中度劳动强度;膳食调查结果显示官兵畜肉、禽肉、禽蛋的摄入比较充足,但粮食、鱼虾、水果等食物摄入不足;能量摄入达标,蛋白质、钠、钾、镁、维生素A等摄入比较充足,甚至远超标准,但锌、维生素C和B族维生素普遍摄入不足;三大营养素供能比,脂肪的供能比较高,碳水化合物的供能比偏低,蛋白质供能较为合理。结论饮食结构不够合理,营养摄取不够均衡,伙食重点有待调整;应适当增加主食品种,控制油脂摄入比例,制订驻地标准餐谱,稀缺副食集中筹措。
Objective To investigate the food level and nutritional status of officers and soldiers stationed in a plateau area above 3000 m in the northwest,and to assess the nutritional status and physical health of the officers and soldiers in this area.It provides a basis for improving scientific and nutritious diet in plateau areas.Methods The daily life observation method was used to record the energy consumption of 1 day.The group sampling method was adopted to conduct a questionnaire survey on the food level of 186 grassroots officers and soldiers in 4 units of the center.Finally,the nutritional status of meals in November were investigated in the 4 units of the center by accounting method.Results The average energy consumption of officers and soldrers was moderate labor intensity,the dietary survey results showed that the center′s officers and soldiers had adequate intake of livestock,poultry and eggs,but insufficient intake of grain,fish,shrimp and fruits.The energy intake was up to the standard and the intake of protein,sodium,potassium,magnesium and vitamin A were relatively sufficient,or even far beyond the standard,but the intake of zinc,vitamin C and B vitamins were generally insufficient.The energy supply ratio of the three major nutrients,the supply of fat was relatively more,the energy supply ratio of carbohydrates was low,and the energy supply of protein was more reasonable.Conclusion The diet structure of the center is unreasonable,nutritional intake is not balanced,and the focus of the diet needs to be adjusted.The main food types should be appropriately increased,the fat intake ratio should be controlled,standard diet of the station should be formulated,and the scarce non-staple food should be added.
作者
吴钰彬
黄进
王亚琦
WU Yubin;HUANG Jin;WANG Yaqi(Department of Quartermaster and Qrocurement Service,Army Service Academy,Chongqing401331,China)
出处
《华南国防医学杂志》
CAS
2021年第6期461-464,468,共5页
Military Medical Journal of South China
关键词
联保部队
高原地区
膳食调查
营养
饮食结构
Joint logistics support force
Plateau area
Diet survey
Nutrition
Dietary structure
