摘要
用注射、固定透明的脑厚切片在立体解剖显微镜下观察了十一个新生儿大脑内微动脉的走行与配布。各大脑动脉在大脑表面反复分支,互相吻合,形成多角形和不规则形的软膜动脉网。各脑回内微动脉的走行和配布形象具有共同特征。皮质动脉由软膜动脉网发出,与脑表面垂直穿入大脑皮质,在皮质内是直行的,排列整齐,随沟回起伏。皮质长动脉管径为16~31微米,短的为7.5~15.4微米,形成多角形或不规则形的毛细血管网。髓质动脉从回顶穿入的完全直行,长的直达髓质深部,管径为48~61微米,短的只35~47微米。从脑沟穿入的髓质动脉在皮质内是直行的,至髓质则有不同程度的弯曲,随同纤维方向行走。髓质动脉的分支也都以直角分出,行一短程,又“T”形分叉,互相连接,构成近似长方格形的毛细血管网。中央动脉由脑底等处穿入,至纹状体的动脉在穿入脑实质以后,沿壳核浅层扇形分开,弧形上行;丘脑的动脉从后外、下内及上面各方面穿入,分支也均呈锐角,经3~4级分支后形成多角形,三角形、近圆形和不规则形毛细血管网。内囊的动脉多顺纤维方向行走,也直角分支,“T”形分叉,形成近似长方格形的毛细血管网,但杂有横行从豆状核至尾状核的分支。
Intracortical distribution of arteries were studied on thick sections prepared from brains of 11 newborns after injection and fixation.The results are as follows.1.Branches from the cerebral arteries form a pial arterial network on the cortical surface.The larger pial arteries are supplied with vasa-vasorum and perivascular vessels.They send out cortical and medullary arteries penetrating the cortex vertically from the surface.2.The distribution of arteries in the entire cortical area can be represented by the pattern observed in a single gyrus,which serves as a general rule.The cortical arteries arising from the pial arteries penetrate into the cortex vertically and are arranged regularly which appear as a brush border that curves with the cerebral surface in sections.The diameter of the long cortical arteries is 16~31μm,while that of the short ones is 7.5~15.4μm.All these arteries send out branches at right angles which anastomose with one another to form a dense polygonal or irregular vascular network.The medullary arteries pass directly through the cortex into medulla.The diameter of the long medullary arteries is 48~61μm and that of the short ones,35~47μm.Those entering from the top of each gyrus pass directly to the deep medulla,whereas those from the sulcus to the junction between the cortex and medulla exhibit various degrees of curvature.The medullary arteries send out branches at right angle,which,in turn,form T-shaped bifurcations,interconnecting each other in an oblong lattice framework.3.The central arteries penetrate the base of the brain,fan out and arch upward to reach the corpus striatum.Arteries may penetrate into the thalamus from posteriolateral,inferio-medial or superior surface.They branch with acute angles and form dense network with polygonal,triangular,circular and irregular interspaces.The arteries of the internal capsule also branch at right angles,show"T"bifurcations after a short distance and form an oblong vascular network.
作者
曾司鲁
李旭光
袁龙庆
Zeng Silu;Li Xuguang;Yuan Longqing(Department of Anatomy,Jiangxi Medical College)
出处
《解剖学报》
CAS
1982年第4期358-362,450,共6页
Acta Anatomica Sinica
