摘要
复原力是个体面对压力困境时恢复的能力,提高复原力水平有利于留守儿童应对生活中的逆境,改善其在生活和学业中的表现。文章运用2016年在广西、贵州、辽宁、云南和重庆五个省区市五个县1334名留守儿童的调查数据,了解当前留守儿童的复原力水平,进一步根据学校效能综合模型,分析学校环境中的学校类型、同伴环境、人际关系对留守儿童复原力的影响效应以及对家庭环境的调节作用。通过回归分析和调节效应检验等方法发现:(1)学校类型、同伴环境、师生关系、同伴关系均能够对留守儿童的复原力产生显著正向的影响,其中人际关系的影响效应较大,师生关系的作用要强于同伴关系;(2)在留守儿童群体中,较好的学校环境能够调节家庭环境对复原力影响中的作用,即学校环境能够促进家庭环境作用的发挥。因此,需要有针对性地帮助学生提升其复原力水平,差异化对待不同群体;构建和谐师生关系和同伴关系,营造良好学校氛围;加强家校合作,指导家长进行家庭环境的优化。
Resilience has attracted attention not only from psychologists but also from economists and educators.It’s the ability of an individual to recover from a stressful situation.Improving the resilience of left-behind children is conducive to coping with adversity in life and improving their performance in life and study.Based on the survey data of 1,334 left-behind children from seven counties in five provinces in 2016,this study investigated their current levels of resilience and further analyzed the effect of school environment on the resilience of left-behind children and the adjustment of family environment drawing on Creemers’comprehensive model of educational effectiveness.Through regression analysis and moderating effect test,the results show that:(1)School type,peer environment and interpersonal relationship have a significant positive impact on the resilience of left-behind children.The effect of interpersonal relationship is larger.And the role of teacher-student relationship is stronger than that of peer relationship.(2)In the group of left-behind children,a better school environment can adjust the effect of family environment on resilience,that is,the school environment can promote the play of the role of the family environment.Based on this,some suggestions are put forward to improve the resilience of left-behind children.First,students should be targeted to help them improve their resilience and treat different groups differently.Second,building harmonious teacher-student relationship or peer relationship and creating a good school atmosphere.Thirdly,building a systematic home-school cooperation system,so as to guide parents to optimize the family environment.
作者
杜屏
张言平
DU Ping;ZHANG Yan-ping(Faculty of Education,Beijing Normal University;Beijing Banchang Primary School)
出处
《教育经济评论》
CSSCI
2021年第2期24-45,共22页
China Economics of Education Review
基金
北京师范大学教育学部2017年度学科综合建设专项资金资助“西部地区中小学生非认知技能发展现状及其影响因素研究”
关键词
留守儿童
复原力
学校环境
学校效能
left-behind children
resilience
school environment
school effectiveness
作者简介
杜屏,北京师范大学教育学部,电子邮箱地址:duping@bnu.edu.cn;通讯作者:张言平,北京市东城区板厂小学,电子邮箱地址:zhangyp@mail.bnu.edu.cn。
