摘要
传播权体系化的缺失导致了立法和司法实践中的诸多问题,而交互式传播与非交互式传播的分类只适用于部分传播权中的专有权利,并未实现传播权的体系化。传播权应被区分为现场传播权和远程传播权,前者针对面向传播发生地的公众进行的传播,包括著作权法中的表演权、放映权、展览权和广播权中播放接收到的广播作品的权利;后者针对向不在传播发生地的公众进行的传播,包括著作权法中的信息网络传播权和广播权中的初始传播及转播的权利。"传播发生地"并不是一个绝对的物理概念,当传播涉及利用技术手段将作品从一处传输至另一处时,就发生向不在传播发生地的公众进行的传播。对传播权的体系化有助于立法的科学化和解决司法实践中的疑难问题。我国2020年修改后的著作权法对广播权的重新定义及对录音制作者获酬权的规定用语不当,可能导致传播权中各项专有权利之间的混淆,同时广播权混搭了远程传播权和现场传播权,应当对其进行修改,以构建科学的传播权体系。
The lack of systematization of various exclusive rights under the broad communication right results in problems both in legislation and judicial practice.The dichotomy between the interactive and non-interactive communications can only apply to some but not all communication rights.The communication right should be divided into on-site communication right and distance communication right.The former covers the communication to the public present at the place where the communication originates and includes the right of performance,the right of projection,the right of exhibition,and the right of public communication of received broadcast.The latter covers the communication to the public not present at the place where the communication originates and includes the right of making available and two sub-rights under the right of broadcasting,i.e.,the right to initial broadcasting and the right of retransmission of the broadcast."The place where the communication originates"is not an absolute concept of physical site.If the communication involves the use of technical process to transmit a work from one place to another,it is the communication to the public not present at the place where the communication originates.The systematization of the communication right is conducive to the establishment of a scientific system of communication right in the copyright law and to the solution to some difficult problems in judicial practice.The provisions that redefine the right of broadcasting and establish the new right of remuneration for sound recording producers in the newly revised Copyright Law of PRC are ill-worded and may cause confusion between various exclusive rights under the communication right.In addition,the new right of broadcasting is a mixture of distance communication right and on-site communication right.These provisions should be revised in order to construct a scientific system of the communication right.
出处
《法学研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第2期55-75,共21页
Chinese Journal of Law
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“媒体融合中的版权理论与运用研究”(19ZDA330)的阶段性成果
关键词
传播权
向公众传播权
公开传播权
表演权
广播权
communication right
the right of communication to the public
the right of public communication
performance right
broadcasting right
作者简介
王迁,华东政法大学教授。
