退休年龄改革:社会观念的变革与制度实践的创新被引量：20

Retirement Age Reform:Changes in Social Concepts and Innovation in Practice

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摘要退休年龄改革是社会民生领域的重要议题,涉及社会成员的切身利益。目前世界主要经济体都相继施行了退休年龄改革,延迟退休已是大势所趋。本文认为,目前我国延迟退休政策推行的民意基础有待夯实,社会共识亦尚待凝聚。为此,应在养老金财务平衡、社会保障制度可持续运行等工具理性的讨论框架之外,从重新认识和定义老年人、保障老年群体社会经济参与权利和拓展老年人自我发展需求等更宽阔的人本主义视角及对以智能化、数字化为时代特征的社会经济外部环境变迁趋向的科学研判为基本认识点,开展一场针对社会观念全面变革与制度实践创新的思想讨论。并在具体操作运行环节权衡多方利益主体的主要诉求,采取科学灵活的方案策略,使其总福利效应更符合社会多数成员的普遍预期,避免激烈的社会动荡。 Retirement age reform is vital for social development and people’s wellbeing.Major economies across the world have been implementing pertinent reforms and the raising of the retirement age has been a trend.The authors hold that the public opinions on such a reform in China are still divided,and a consensus to raise retirement the age is yet to be reached.To this end,going beyond the instrumental and rational framework of pension f nancial balance and the sustainability of social security system,we propose a perspective of humanistic development from which the concept of’’the elderly’’needs to be redef ned,the rights of the elderly to participate in the society and economy are protected,and the elderly’s needs of self-development are satisf ed.Furthermore,we propose to envisage a discussion on the comprehensive transformation of social attitudes and the innovation of institutional practices,based on the evidence-based judgment that the socioeconomic environment is experiencing changes characterized by smart technologies and digitization.We also put forward that the policy-makers need to consider the main demands of stakeholders,adopt sound and f exible strategies to make the total welfare ef ect increasingly in line with the expectations of most members of the society,so as to avoid f erce social unrest.

作者彭希哲宋靓珺 Peng Xizhe;Song Liangjun(Center for Population and Development Policy Studies,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区复旦大学人口与发展政策研究中心

出处《社会保障评论》 CSSCI 2021年第3期39-50,共12页 Chinese Social Security Review

基金国家社会科学基金重大项目“积极应对人口老龄化背景下加快养老服务体系建设研究”(20ZDA077) 国家自然科学基金面上项目“中国老龄社会的家庭承载力模型及其政策仿真”(71874031) 教育部人文社会科学基金项目“中国老龄社会的家庭变迁及家庭政策重构:基于ABM仿真的研究”(18YJC840017)

关键词退休年龄延迟退休社会观念制度创新 retirement age delayed retirement social concept system innovation

分类号 F249.2 [经济管理—劳动经济]

作者简介彭希哲,复旦大学人口与发展政策研究中心主任、教授。主要研究方向:人口学、老年学和社会保障;宋靓珺,复旦大学人口与发展政策研究中心博士后。主要研究方向:社会治理和公共政策。