摘要
人民的幸福感、获得感、安全感是新时代的民生重点,仅关注以经济资本为代表的客观阶层,忽视个体主观的阶层感知,将无助于从根本上促进社会阶层的有序流动。本文基于有正规学校教育经历的农村家庭子代,着眼教育与家庭背景因素,通过对其与阶层流动感知关系的研究发现:子代的主观阶层水平依然较低,仅有小幅度的代际正向流动,突围藩篱依然存在。教育、家庭背景对农村子代的主观阶层流动具有直接与间接双重解释效应。不同于客观阶层流动,在对子代阶层流动感知的影响中,子代及其母亲的教育程度具有显著的负向效应,家庭经济水平有显著的正向效应,父母的职级和父亲的教育经历不具有显著效应。子代及其母亲的教育经历、家庭经济水平、客观阶层水平均通过子代的阶层期望对其阶层流动感知产生显著影响。基于此,在提升人力资本的同时,应注重在政府及家校合作的基础上,对农村子代阶层认知进行积极引导,助其更有效地实现主观阶层突围。
People’s sense of happiness,gain and security is the focus of people’s livelihood in the new era.Only paying attention to the objective social class mobility represented by economic capital and ignoring the subjective social class perception will not help to promote the orderly flow of social class fundamentally.Focusing on the factors of education and family background,it studies the relationship between education or family background and the perception of individual social class mobility,on the children from rural families who have formal school education experience.And it is found that the level of the subjective social class is still low,and the barriers still exist.There is only a small amount of intergenerational positive flow.Education and family background not only directly affect the perception of social class mobility of rural individual,but also influence them through other variables.Different from the objective social class mobility,the children’s education level and the mother’s education level have a significant negative effect on the children’s perception of social class mobility,and the family economic level has a significant positive effect.The job level of parents and father’s educational experience had no significant effect on it.The children’s educational experience,objective social class level,mother’s educational experience and family economic level all have significant influence on their social class mobility perception through social class expectation.At the same time of improving human capital,we should also pay attention to guide the rural children’s cognition of the social class based on the cooperation among government,schools and families,so as to help them improve their perception of social class more effectively.
作者
周向伟
张天雪
Zhou Xiangwei;Zhang Tianxue(Institute of Education Reform and Development,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004)
出处
《教育发展研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第6期1-8,共8页
Research in Educational Development
基金
国家社会科学基金“十二五”规划2015年度教育学一般课题“‘阶层固化’对农村籍大学生社会化的影响及教育支持研究”(BIA150101)的阶段性成果.
关键词
教育
社会阶层
代际流动
农村家庭
education
social class
intergenerational mobility
rural families
