摘要
社会建设是20世纪以来逐步形成的一个时代性命题,它具有鲜明的时代性。它既是民国以来新的社会秩序重建时代需求的集中呈现,也是民国建立后由革命转向建设进程中的一个历史选择。20世纪30年代乡村建设运动自发性地相继而起,却又呈现着大体一致的重建乡村社会走向,恰恰是社会建设时代诉求在乡土中国的深度体现。乡村建设即为社会建设,社会建设即由乡村建设而起,这形成当时中国建设思潮与社会运动颇具特色的历史情势。20世纪40年代,国民政府设立行政院社会部,始将社会建设纳入国家建设体系。由社会部主导的社会建设事务却最终陷入困境。社会建设之首要在于民生,作为一个时代命题的社会建设,只有在民族-国家整体建设的战略规划中才能获得正解。
Social construction is an epochal proposition that has been gradually formed since the 20th century,and it is distinctly epochal in nature.It is both a concentrated presentation of the era needs of reconstructing the new social order and a historical choice in the process of shifting from revolution to construction since the establishment of the Republic of China.The spontaneous rise of the rural construction movement in the 1930sand the generally consistent orientation of rebuilding the rural society are the deep embodiment of the epochal demands of social construction in rural China.The construction of the countryside is the construction of society,and the construction of society starts from the construction of the countryside,which forms a characteristic historical situation in the zeitgeist of construction and social movement of China at that time.In the 1940s,the National Government established the Ministry of Social Affairs of the Executive Yuan,and began to incorporate social construction into the national construction system.However,the social construction affairs led by the Ministry of Social Affairs eventually fell into dilemmas.The first priority of social construction is people’s livelihood.And social construction as a proposition of the times can only be properly resolved in the strategic planning of the overall construction of nation-state.
出处
《史学月刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第5期65-75,共11页
Journal of Historical Science
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“近代中国乡村建设资料编年整理与研究”(17ZDA198)。
关键词
20世纪前期
社会建设
时代命题
乡村建设
社会部
First Half of the 20th Century
Social Construction
Epochal Proposition
Rural Construction
Ministry of Social Affairs
作者简介
王先明,历史学博士,南开大学历史学院教授。天津,300350。
