摘要
目的分析乌鲁木齐市公交车司机职业紧张、抑郁症状和焦虑症状及相关影响因素。方法采用判断抽样法,选择乌鲁木齐市709名公交车司机为研究对象。采用《付出-回报失衡问卷》《Zung氏抑郁自评量表》《Zung氏焦虑自评表》分别调查公交车司机的付出-回报失衡(ERI)模式职业紧张、抑郁症状和焦虑症状现况。结果研究对象ERI模式职业紧张、抑郁症状、焦虑症状检出率分别为62.2%(441/709)、30.2%(214/709)和18.2%(129/709)。二元logistic回归分析结果显示,文化程度、工龄、体育锻炼与饮酒均是研究对象ERI模式职业紧张的独立影响因素(P值均<0.05);个人月收入和体育锻炼均是其抑郁症状的影响因素(P值均<0.05);体育锻炼是其焦虑症状的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论乌鲁木齐市公交车司机的职业紧张、抑郁症状和焦虑症状情况不容乐观。应重点关注高学历、长工龄、低个人月收入、无体育锻炼习惯及存在饮酒行为的人群,以预防其职业紧张与心理健康问题的发生。
Objectives To analyze occupational stress,depressive symptoms,anxiety symptoms and related influencing factors among bus drivers in Urumqi.Methods A total of 709 bus drivers in Urumqi were selected as the research subjects using judgment sampling method.The Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire,Zung's Self-rating Depression Scale and Zung's Self-rating Anxiety Scale were used to investigate the occupational stress in the effort-reward imbalance(ERI)mode,depression and anxiety symptoms of bus drivers.Results The detection rates of ERI mode occupational stress,symptoms of depression and anxiety were 62.2%(441/709),30.2%(214/709)and 18.2%(129/709),respectively.The results of binary logistic regression analysis showed that education level,length of service,physical exercise and drinking were independent influencing factors of occupational stress in ERI mode(all P<0.05).Personal monthly income and physical exercise were the influencing factors of depression symptoms(all P<0.05),and physical exercise was the influencing factor of anxiety symptoms(P<0.05).Conclusion The occupational stress,depression and anxiety symptoms of bus drivers in Urumqi are serious.Attention should be paid to people with higher education,long working age,low personal monthly income,no physical exercise habits and drinking behavior to prevent occupational stress and mental health problems.
作者
蔡利君
杨颖
赵海莉
赛依旦·亚力买买提
叶力哈尔·哈斯尼
宁丽
CAI Li-jun;YANG Ying;ZHAO Hai-li;SAIYIDAN·Yalimaimaiti;YELIHAER·Hasini;NING Li(School of Public Health,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830054,China)
出处
《中国职业医学》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第6期678-682,共5页
China Occupational Medicine
基金
新疆医科大学第14期大学生创新项目(CX2019022)
关键词
司机
职业紧张
抑郁症状
焦虑症状
影响因素
Drivers
Occupational stress
Depression symptom
Anxiety symptom
Influencing factors
作者简介
蔡利君(1997—),女,在读预防医学专业大学本科生,主要从事职业卫生方向研究;通讯作者:宁丽,副教授,硕士研究生导师,E-mail:nl97969@163.com