摘要
通过地表温度和近地气温数据分析地表水体对北京城区昼夜热环境的调节作用.首先基于Landsat遥感影像提取研究区内的土地覆盖,结合MODIS日间、夜间地表温度产品,利用回归分析的方法定量分析地表水体对北京城区地表温度的影响.其次,使用WorldView-2高分辨率影像精确提取北京城区水体的边界,结合自动气象站观测的逐小时近地气温数据,在城市尺度上利用回归方法定量分析气象站周边300m、500m和1000m缓冲区内的水体对气温的影响.结果表明:①水体在日间降低地表温度作用显著,水体比例增加1%时,地表温度可降低0.08±0.03K,其降温作用要大于植被,在夜间水体则呈现增温效应;②地表水体在城市尺度上对城区近地气温的影响结果不显著,这主要是由于北京城区内地表水体面积较小且分布不均,但缓冲区内水体比例较高的站点比起比例低的站点观测到的日间近地气温有明显下降,且昼夜温差也较低.地表水体可作为提高城市居民热舒适度的有效工具.研究结果可为北京城市热岛的治理和宜居之都的建设提供一定科学参考.
Based on the land surface temperature and near-surface air temperature,the goal of this study is to find out the role of surface water bodies in regulating thermal environments in urban Beijing.First,land covers derived from the Landsat TM images and land surface temperature derived from the MODIS data were used to investigate the influence of surface water bodies on day/night land surface temperature through a regression analysis.Second,the boundaries of water bodies were extracted using a high-resolution satellite image-WorldView-2.The percentages of water surface in the 300 m/500 m/1000 m buffer zones around automatic weather stations were correlated with the hourly air temperature.The results show:(1)during the day,the land surface temperature can be reduced by 0.08±0.03 K when the proportion of water bodies increases by 1%.Water bodies have stronger cooling effects than vegetation on the land surface temperature.During the night,water bodies display a warming effect;(2)the effect of water bodies on the near-surface air temperature is not significant at the city scale for both day and night.This is mainly because most water bodies in urban Beijing are small and are distributed unevenly.However,stations with higher percentage of water surfaces in buffer zones have lower daytime air temperatures and lower diurnal temperature differences than stations with lower percentage of water surfaces.Surface water bodies can be utilized as an effective tool to improve the urban residents’thermal comfort.
作者
聂冲
杨军
黄从红
NIE Chong;YANG Jun;HUANG Conghong(Department of Earth System Science,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)
出处
《应用基础与工程科学学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第6期1258-1268,共11页
Journal of Basic Science and Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51525804,51508480)
四川省青年科技创新研究团队(2015TD0004)
Delos公司捐款资助.
关键词
城市
水体
热环境
urban
water bodies
thermal environment
作者简介
聂冲(1991—),女,硕士.E-mail:niechong0722@163.com;通信作者:杨军(1973—),男,教授.E-mail:larix@tsinghua.edu.cn
